{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T00:21:35Z","timestamp":1769300495372,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001823","name":"MEYS CR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["LM2023050 Czech-BioImaging"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LM2023050 Czech-BioImaging"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Czech Academy of Sciences within the long-term research development program","award":["RVO 67985939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RVO 67985939"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Czech Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ThiefHunt GN23-05310O"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ThiefHunt GN23-05310O"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Albinism is typically lethal in autotrophic plants due to the absence of photosynthetic pigments and functioning chloroplasts. Yet, rare exceptions occur where achlorophyllous individuals persist in natural ecosystems. We investigated the physiological, anatomical and isotopic characteristics of naturally occurring albino European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees in the Moravian Karst, Czechia. One albino individual, estimated to be ~30\u00a0years old, represents an unprecedented case of long-term survival without photosynthesis in a woody angiosperm. Using a multi-parameter approach\u2014including stable isotope analysis (\u03b413C, \u03b415N), pigment quantification, saccharide profiling, gas exchange, leaf anatomy, stomatal traits and microsatellite genotyping\u2014we confirmed the absence of photosynthetic capability, explored potential mechanisms of carbon acquisition and assessed clonal affiliation of the albino to its neighbouring trees. An albino individual exhibited almost absent photosynthetic pigments and lacked differentiated thylakoids, and showed significantly reduced stomatal conductance and density. The CO2 release from albino leaves indicated predominant mitochondrial respiration even under the light conditions. Intriguingly, albino leaves accumulated higher concentrations of soluble sugars (notably glucose and fructose) and were enriched in \u03b413C, similar to mixotrophic orchids, suggesting heterotrophic carbon uptake. Microsatellite genotyping revealed that the albino individual is not genetically identical to any of the surrounding green trees, thus making root suckering unlikely. While partial mycoheterotrophy cannot be entirely excluded, the data strongly support a trophic strategy based on carbon translocation from an autotrophic donor through root connectivity. This study offers novel physiological insights into albino tree survival and illustrates the complexity of belowground integration in forest ecosystems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/tpaf154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T13:09:46Z","timestamp":1764767386000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Survival without photosynthesis: physiological characterization of long-lived albino beech (\n                    <i>Fagus sylvatica<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Zden\u011bk","family":"\u0160p\u00ed\u0161ek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palack\u00fd University , \u0160lechtitel\u016f 27, 78371 Olomouc ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edita","family":"Tylov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Vini\u010dn\u00e1 5, 12800 Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Konr\u00e1dov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Vini\u010dn\u00e1 5, 12800 Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuzana","family":"Lhot\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Vini\u010dn\u00e1 5, 12800 Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc-Andr\u00e9","family":"Selosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Syst\u00e9matique, Evolution, Biodiversit\u00e9 (ISYEB), Mus\u00e9um national d\u2019Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, EPHE , CP 39, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005 Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"University of Gda\u0144sk , F , ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gda\u0144sk ,","place":["Poland"]},{"name":"aculty of Biology, Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation , F , ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gda\u0144sk ,","place":["Poland"]},{"name":"Institut Universitaire de France , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji\u0159\u00ed","family":"Koreck\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kam\u00fdck\u00e1 129, 16500 Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5714-7810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"Figura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Vini\u010dn\u00e1 5, 12800 Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]},{"name":"Institut de Syst\u00e9matique, Evolution, Biodiversit\u00e9 (ISYEB), Mus\u00e9um national d\u2019Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, EPHE , CP 39, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005 Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences , Lesn\u00ed 322, 25243 Pr\u016fhonice ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012407262804400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1139\/b06-101","article-title":"Cephalanthera longifolia (Neottieae, Orchidaceae) is mixotrophic: a comparative study between green and nonphotosynthetic individuals","volume":"84","author":"Abadie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can J Bot"},{"key":"2026012407262804400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1993.tb03812.x","article-title":"Nitrogen translocation between Alnus glutinosa (L.) 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