{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T11:49:04Z","timestamp":1751456944163},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]],"date-time":"2020-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Respiratory illnesses are a leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. Bubble CPAP is a simple and effective treatment for infants in respiratory distress. Across resource-limited settings, various bubble CPAP setups have been used with widely varying results. Based on fundamental fluid dynamics principles and clinical experience, the BCPAP score has been developed to gauge effectiveness of bubble CPAP delivery in different settings. Five questions addressing Bubbles, Circuit, Prongs, Airway and Pressure allow clinicians to rapidly determine whether they are delivering effective bubble CPAP. This article describes how to calculate a BCPAP score and explains the rationale behind the BCPAP score.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmaa012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,6]],"date-time":"2020-03-06T12:22:35Z","timestamp":1583497355000},"page":"542-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The BCPAP Score: Five Questions to Assess the Effectiveness of a Bubble CPAP Circuit"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Stephen C","family":"John","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor MI 48109, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric O","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Therapists Without Borders, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil P","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B1","article-title":"Continuous distending pressure for respiratory distress in preterm infants","volume":"7","author":"Ho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3212","article-title":"Neonatal mortality from respiratory distress syndrome: lessons for low-resource countries","volume":"127","author":"Kamath","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmv063","article-title":"Use of nasal bubble CPAP in children with hypoxemic clinical pneumonia\u2014report from a resource limited set-up","volume":"62","author":"Jayashree","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F495","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-305519","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of bubble CPAP in neonatal care in low and middle income countries: a systematic review","volume":"99","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-010-0021-6","article-title":"Bubble CPAP for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants","volume":"47","author":"Koti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B6","first-page":"409","article-title":"Bubble CPAP\u2014a primary respiratory support for respiratory distress syndrome in newborns","volume":"46","author":"Urs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B7","volume-title":"Atlas of Procedures in Neonatology","author":"Aly","year":"2012","edition":"5th edn."},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B8","year":"2016"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/000992287000900607","article-title":"Respiratory distress syndrome of newborn infants: I. New clinical scoring system (RDS score) with acid-base and blood-gas correlations","volume":"9","author":"Downes","year":"1970","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2015.00081","article-title":"A fixed flow is more effective than titrated flow during bubble nasal CPAP for respiratory distress in preterm neonates","volume":"3","author":"Murki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B11","author":"Baldursdottir","year":"2019"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B12","year":"2015"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02322","article-title":"Effects of condensate in the exhalation limb of neonatal circuits on airway pressure during bubble CPAP","volume":"58","author":"Youngquist","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"2020100403541866000_fmaa012-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0196683","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196683","article-title":"Infant CPAP for low-income countries: an experimental comparison of standard bubble CPAP and the Pumani system","volume":"13","author":"Falk","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Journal of Tropical Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tropej\/article-pdf\/66\/5\/542\/33834125\/fmaa012.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tropej\/article-pdf\/66\/5\/542\/33834125\/fmaa012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,4]],"date-time":"2020-10-04T07:54:47Z","timestamp":1601798087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tropej\/article\/66\/5\/542\/5805428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/tropej\/fmaa012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-3664"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-3664","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]]}}}