{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T17:41:53Z","timestamp":1781026913070,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]],"date-time":"2020-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kasralainy Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) of pre-term infants may be associated with high rate of mortality and iatrogenic complications in low- and middle-income countries. Sustained lung inflation (SLI) may help to reduce their need for IMV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This randomized controlled trial included 160 infants with gestational age (GA) \u226527 and \u226432\u2009weeks who were randomly assigned to receive either SLI; using a pressure of 20\u2009cmH2O for 15\u2009s followed by nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 5\u2009cmH2O or nasal CPAP alone, through an appropriate mask and a T-piece resuscitator. Primary outcome was the need for IMV in the first 72\u2009h of life.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There was no difference in the primary outcome between SLI group; 55% (44 out of 80) and the control group; 65% (52 out of 80) [odds ratio (OR): 0.623, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33\u20131.18; p\u2009=\u20090.145]. However, SLI significantly reduced the primary outcome in the sicker infants; who had clinical eligibility criteria (CEC; OR: 0.224, 95% CI: 0.076\u20130.663; p\u2009=\u20090.005) and in the smaller babies; whose GA was &amp;lt;30\u2009weeks (OR: 0.183, 95% CI: 0.053\u20130.635; p\u2009=\u20090.005).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SLI was not harmful. Although, it did not lead to reduction in the need for IMV in the first 72\u2009h of life in pre-term infants with GA \u226527 and \u226432\u2009weeks, SLI reduced this outcome in the subgroup of infants with CEC and those with GA &amp;lt;30\u2009weeks. Future trials are needed to investigate the effect of SLI on these two subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical trials.gov, NCT03518762. https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03518762?term=NCT03518762&amp;rank=1<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmaa097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,11]],"date-time":"2020-10-11T11:08:27Z","timestamp":1602414507000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sustained Lung Inflation in Pre-term Infants at Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Walaa A","family":"Abuel Hamd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Kasr El Ainy Hospital , 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douaa E","family":"El Sherbiny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Kasr El Ainy Hospital , 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salma Z","family":"El Houchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Kasr El Ainy Hospital , 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman F","family":"Iskandar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Kasr El Ainy Hospital , 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina M","family":"Akmal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Kasr El Ainy Hospital , 11562 Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022071313562340100_fmaa097-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(60)80332-0","article-title":"The adaptive changes in the immediate postnatal period, with particular reference to respiration","volume":"56","author":"Karlberg","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2022071313562340100_fmaa097-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.10.041","article-title":"From liquid to air: breathing after birth","volume":"152","author":"Te Pas","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2022071313562340100_fmaa097-B3","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine","author":"Lista","year":"2016"},{"key":"2022071313562340100_fmaa097-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197106172842401","article-title":"Treatment of the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome with continuous positive airway pressure","volume":"284","author":"Gregory","year":"1971","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022071313562340100_fmaa097-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.79.1.26","article-title":"Is chronic lung disease in low birth weight infants preventable? 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