{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:19:28Z","timestamp":1753877968085,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Leishmaniasis has varying clinical manifestations and treatment regimens, dependent on species and host. Old world leishmaniasis, found primarily in Africa and Asia, may be associated with visceral disease, while new world disease, primarily in Latin America, may be associated with mucocutaneous disease. We present a case series of pediatric African patients with New World cutaneous leishmaniasis. Data extraction was performed via chart review, of children with cutaneous leishmaniasis presenting to the pediatric infectious diseases clinic in Portland, ME. Biopsy specimens were sent to the federal center for disease control (CDC) for identification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture. Five cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were diagnosed in pediatric patients (ages 1\u201317\u2009years) in Maine during the study period. Leishmaniasis was not initially suspected; thus, time to diagnosis was 1\u20134\u2009months, Two patients were diagnosed with Leishmania panamensis, one with Leishmania brasiliensis, one with Leishmania sp. and one with mixed infection (L. panamensis and Leishmania mexicana). One patient was managed with surgical excision only, one was observed off therapy, and three were treated with ketoconazole. This case series highlights the importance of a high index of suspicion in migrant patients. Detailed travel history and epidemiologic knowledge is essential to diagnosis, as patients may present with forms of illness not congruent with their country of origin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmad003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T11:26:10Z","timestamp":1673954770000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Everything old is new again: a case series of pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis in Portland, Maine"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1672-7274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Jubulis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Maine Medical Center , Portland, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Goddard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Maine Medical Center , Portland, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Seiverling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Tufts University , Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Kimball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Maine Medical Center , Portland, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Maine Medical Center , Portland, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00003-7","article-title":"Global burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a cross sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","volume":"16","author":"Karimkhani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw670","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH)","volume":"63","author":"Aronson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in travelers and migrants: a 20 year GeoSentinel Surveillance Network analysis","author":"Boggild","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"author":"US Census Bureau","key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B4"},{"author":"Wolfe","key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B5"},{"author":"CDC","key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B6"},{"key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0124","article-title":"Case report: cutaneous leishmaniasis in Cuban immigrants to Texas who traveled through the Darien Jungle, Panama","volume":"91","author":"Barry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/20.5.463","article-title":"The ecology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Republic of Panama","volume":"20","author":"Christensen","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"2023011709570768600_fmad003-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-10-199305150-00004","article-title":"American cutaneous leishmaniasis in US travelers","volume":"118","author":"Herwaldt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Tropical Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tropej\/article-pdf\/69\/1\/fmad003\/48732459\/fmad003.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tropej\/article-pdf\/69\/1\/fmad003\/48732459\/fmad003.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T11:26:16Z","timestamp":1673954776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tropej\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/tropej\/fmad003\/6988938"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/tropej\/fmad003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-3664"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1465-3664"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"article-number":"fmad003"}}