{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:10:35Z","timestamp":1753877435724,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) frequently require respiratory support. However, the initial mode of respiratory support in these patients remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP), compared to conventional oxygen therapy, reduces the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in neonates with MAS. In this open-label randomized controlled trial, neonates born at &amp;gt;34\u2009weeks of gestation who developed mild to moderate respiratory distress within the first 24\u2009hours were randomly allocated to the nCPAP or oxygen hood (5\u201310\u2009l\/min) group. The primary outcome was the need for intubation and IMV during the first 72\u2009hours of life. The secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality before discharge, air leaks, sepsis, pulmonary hypertension, duration of respiratory support, and hospital stay. We analyzed the data using the intention-to-treat method. Eighty neonates (40 in each group) were enrolled. There was no statistically significant difference in the need for IMV between the nCPAP and oxygen hood groups (4 [10%] vs. 5 [12.5%]; relative risk, 0.80; 95% CI: 0.23\u20132.76). Primary respiratory support failure rates, mortality, pulmonary hypertension, and other outcomes were comparable between the groups. In this trial, nCPAP therapy was not superior to conventional oxygen therapy for the treatment of mild to moderate MAS.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical Trial Registry of India (CRTI\/2020\/02\/023529)<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmaf002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T04:17:55Z","timestamp":1738297075000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Continuous positive airway pressure versus conventional oxygen therapy in meconium aspiration syndrome: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Arifa","family":"Mustaqeem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital , New Delhi 110029,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital , New Delhi 110029,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0464-9689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jogender","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Chandigarh 160012,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1651-6629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pradeep","family":"Debata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital , New Delhi 110029,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16852-9","article-title":"Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suctioning of meconium-stained neonates before delivery of their shoulders: multicentre, randomised controlled trial","volume":"364","author":"Vain","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.159","article-title":"Developing a systems approach to prevent meconium aspiration syndrome: lessons learned from multinational studies","volume":"28","author":"Bhutani","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2215","article-title":"The 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Oncall"},{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.2217\/cer-2020-0018","article-title":"Surfactant therapy for meconium aspiration syndrome in neonates: a systematic overview of systematic reviews and recent clinical trials","volume":"9","author":"Abdelaal","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Comp Eff Res"},{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.156","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure and conventional mechanical ventilation in the treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Goldsmith","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.241","article-title":"Meconium aspiration syndrome remains a significant problem in the NICU: outcomes and treatment patterns in term neonates admitted for intensive care during a ten-year period","volume":"29","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965159","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/965159","article-title":"Respiratory support in meconium aspiration syndrome: a practical guide","volume":"2012","author":"Dargaville","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B14","first-page":"589","article-title":"The efficacy of CPAP in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Toro-Huamanchumo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Basel Switz"},{"key":"2025030420304635300_fmaf002-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4847.154107","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure in meconium aspiration syndrome: an observational study","volume":"4","author":"Bhagwat","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin 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