{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:35:54Z","timestamp":1790012154667,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,17]],"date-time":"2019-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003970","name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003970","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmz023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,5]],"date-time":"2019-04-05T20:32:53Z","timestamp":1554496373000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association of Sunlight Exposure with Sleep Hours in Iranian Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Sadegh","family":"Baradaran Mahdavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8167636954, Iran"},{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8167636954, Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8167636954, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjan","family":"Mansourian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8167636954, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaheh","family":"Shams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Qorbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj 3149779453, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramin","family":"Heshmat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417653761, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Esmaeil","family":"Motlagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Ziaodini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Psychology Department, Research Center of Education Ministry Studies, Tehran 1997755611, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razieh","family":"Dashti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Family, Population, Youth and School Health Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran 1467664961, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majzoubeh","family":"Taheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Family, Population, Youth and School Health Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran 1467664961, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roya","family":"Kelishadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8167636954, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B1","first-page":"4","author":"Carskadon","year":"2002"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1649","article-title":"The impact of school daily schedule on adolescent sleep","volume":"115","author":"Hansen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.2001.00265.x","article-title":"Mental health, parental rules and sleep in pre\u2010adolescents","volume":"10","author":"Meijer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53817-8.00007-4","article-title":"Can light make us bright? Effects of light on cognition and sleep","volume":"190","author":"Chellappa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730402239679","article-title":"Life between clocks: daily temporal patterns of human chronotypes","volume":"18","author":"Roenneberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Rhythms"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.040477","article-title":"A phase response curve to single bright light pulses in human subjects","volume":"549","author":"Khalsa","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.11.008","article-title":"Light exposure in the natural environment: relevance to mood and sleep disorders","volume":"8","author":"Dumont","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0957","article-title":"High sensitivity of human melatonin, alertness, thermoregulation, and heart rate to short wavelength light","volume":"90","author":"Cajochen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3743","article-title":"Light as a central modulator of circadian rhythms, sleep and affect","volume":"15","author":"LeGates","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.11.015","article-title":"Maintaining recommended sleep throughout the week is associated with increased physical activity in children","volume":"56","author":"Stone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/nure.12150","article-title":"Effect of energy drink and caffeinated beverage consumption on sleep, mood, and performance in children and adolescents","volume":"72","author":"Owens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2009.06.018","article-title":"High exercise levels are related to favorable sleep patterns and psychological functioning in adolescents: a comparison of athletes and controls","volume":"46","author":"Brand","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323.","DOI":"10.3922\/j.psns.2011.3.005","article-title":"Effect of morning exercise in sunlight on the sleep-wake cycle in adolescents","volume":"4","author":"Maia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol Neurosci"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci5040441","article-title":"Caffeine consuming children and adolescents show altered sleep behavior and deep sleep","volume":"5","author":"Aepli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S266","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2015-0627","article-title":"Systematic review of the relationships between sleep duration and health indicators in school-aged children and youth","volume":"41","author":"Chaput","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B16","first-page":"1","article-title":"Methodology and early findings of the fifth survey of childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult noncommunicable disease: the CASPIAN-V study","volume":"8","author":"Motlagh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B17","first-page":"1","author":"Chacon","year":"2015"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2015.10.002","article-title":"Personal UVR exposure of farming families in four European countries","volume":"153","author":"Bodekaer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0815B","article-title":"Children's sleep: an interplay between culture and biology","volume":"115","author":"Jenni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06108-6","article-title":"Health in a 24-h society","volume":"358","author":"Rajaratnam","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2114\/jpa.21.87","article-title":"The influence of light on circarhythms in humans","volume":"21","author":"K\u00fcller","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436.","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0847","article-title":"The roles of melatonin and light in the pathophysiology and treatment of circadian rhythm sleep disorders","volume":"4","author":"Pandi-Perumal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1080\/07420520903044315","article-title":"Daily and seasonal variation in the spectral composition of light exposure in humans","volume":"26","author":"Thorne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00695.x","article-title":"Sensitivity of the human circadian pacemaker to nocturnal light: melatonin phase resetting and suppression","volume":"526","author":"Zeitzer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448.","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2012.14.4\/mmuench","article-title":"Light and chronobiology: implications for health and disease","volume":"14","author":"M\u00fcnch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181.","DOI":"10.1097\/HNP.0b013e318259c589","article-title":"Biological rhythms: the color of light and the quality of sleep","volume":"26","author":"Donnelly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Holist Nurs Pract"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E23.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.2.e23","article-title":"Depressive symptoms and cigarette smoking predict development and persistence of sleep problems in US adolescents","volume":"106","author":"Patten","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.06.008","article-title":"A motivational school-based intervention for adolescent sleep problems","volume":"12","author":"Cain","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8425.2007.00318.x","article-title":"The effect of a sleep hygiene education program on the sleep\u2013wake cycle of Brazilian adolescent students","volume":"5","author":"de Sousa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep Biol Rhythms"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-011-1883-6","article-title":"Sleep duration and activity levels in Estonian and Swedish children and adolescents","volume":"111","author":"Ortega","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.157453","article-title":"Falling asleep: the determinants of sleep latency","volume":"94","author":"Nixon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22958.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022958","article-title":"Temporal associations between daytime physical activity and sleep in children","volume":"6","author":"Pesonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82.","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-10-82","article-title":"Sleep, physical activity and BMI in six to ten-year-old children measured by accelerometry: a cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Ekstedt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2009.00664.x","article-title":"Reduced sleep as an obesity risk factor","volume":"10","author":"Patel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265.","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.63","article-title":"Is sleep duration associated with childhood obesity? A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B36","first-page":"885","article-title":"Sleep duration and overweight in European children: is the association modified by geographic region?","volume":"34","author":"Hense","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540370024018","article-title":"Sleep quality in older adults: effects of exercise training and influence of sunlight exposure-reply","volume":"277","author":"King","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2008.02.024","article-title":"Sleep homeostasis: a role for adenosine in humans?","volume":"75","author":"Landolt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00040-W","article-title":"Caffeine intake (200 mg) in the morning affects human sleep and EEG power spectra at night","volume":"675","author":"Landolt","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.07.004","article-title":"Caffeine: sleep and daytime sleepiness","volume":"12","author":"Roehrs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.1.152","article-title":"Soft drinks in schools","volume":"113","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6536","article-title":"The Relationship Between Caffeine, Sleep, and Behavior in Children","volume":"13","author":"Watson","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2012.05.006","article-title":"Adolescent neurodevelopment","volume":"52","author":"Spear","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3656","article-title":"Associations of child insomnia, sleep movement, and their persistence with mental health symptoms in childhood and adolescence","volume":"37","author":"Armstrong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.26434","article-title":"Sleep complaints and psychiatric symptoms in children evaluated at a pediatric mental health clinic","volume":"2","author":"Ivanenko","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2012.02466.x","article-title":"Sleep problems and mental health in primary school new entrants: cross-sectional community-based study","volume":"48","author":"Quach","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsw040","article-title":"Daily bidirectional relationships between sleep and mental health symptoms in youth with emotional and behavioral problems","volume":"41","author":"Van Dyk","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11.","DOI":"10.3390\/children3030011","article-title":"Putting children\u2019s sleep problems to bed: using behavior change theory to increase the success of children\u2019s sleep education programs and contribute to healthy development","volume":"3","author":"Blunden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.2189","article-title":"Impacts of artificial light at night on sleep: a review and prospectus","volume":"329","author":"Aulsebrook","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"2019051701294822200_fmz023-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1418490112","article-title":"Evening use of light-emitting eReaders negatively affects sleep, circadian timing, and next-morning alertness","volume":"112","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"}],"container-title":["Journal of Tropical Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tropej\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/tropej\/fmz023\/28664113\/fmz023.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T10:49:27Z","timestamp":1663238967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/tropej\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/tropej\/fmz023\/5490702"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]},"references-count":50,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/tropej\/fmz023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-3664"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-3664","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]},"article-number":"fmz023"}}