{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T12:37:25Z","timestamp":1778589445498,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]],"date-time":"2020-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Abuja"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anti-West Nile virus (WNV) neutralizing antibodies in donkeys from two areas in northern Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Serology was determined by a virus neutralization test in samples collected from 205 healthy adult donkeys.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty-seven donkeys (27.8%) tested seropositive for WNV. Donkeys from Zaria were 2.6 times more likely to have been exposed to WNV (p&amp;lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results of this study demonstrate that this zoonotic pathogen is prevalent in these areas and that measures should be implemented to reduce the risk for both humans and equids.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/traa104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T11:18:54Z","timestamp":1600773534000},"page":"566-568","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["West Nile virus neutralizing antibody prevalence in donkeys from northern Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Idoko Sunday","family":"Idoko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, PMB 117, Abuja 901001, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gili","family":"Schvartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"},{"name":"Virology Division, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit-Dagan 50200, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Tirosh-Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oran","family":"Erster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Virology Laboratory, Israel Ministry of Health, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, 5265601, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jibril Yakubu","family":"Jibril","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Biotechnology Development Agency, PMB 5118, Airport Road, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew Musa","family":"Adamu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, PMB 117, Abuja 901001, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon Ikechukwu","family":"Enem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, PMB 117, Abuja 901001, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jude Nduka","family":"Omeje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, PMB 117, Abuja 901001, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wesley Daniel","family":"Nafarnda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, PMB 117, Abuja 901001, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Steinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021090110141104500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-2998-y","article-title":"Epidemiology and ecology of West Nile virus in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"11","author":"Sule","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"2021090110141104500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1940.s1-20.471","article-title":"A neurotropic virus isolated from the blood of a native of uganda1","volume":"20","author":"Smithburn","year":"1940","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2021090110141104500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2014.1706","article-title":"High seroprevalence of west Nile virus antibodies observed in horses from southwestern Nigeria","volume":"15","author":"Folorunso Sule","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"2021090110141104500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.21092\/jav.v3i2.43","article-title":"Preliminary study on the prevalence of west Nile virus antibody among horses, donkeys and camels in Borno State, Nigeria","volume":"3","author":"Baba","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Appl Virol"},{"key":"2021090110141104500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e113149","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113149","article-title":"Spatial and temporal distribution of West Nile virus in horses in Israel (1997-2013) - from endemic to epidemics","volume":"9","author":"Aharonson-Raz","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/115\/5\/566\/40180641\/traa104.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/115\/5\/566\/40180641\/traa104.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T10:14:27Z","timestamp":1630491267000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article\/115\/5\/566\/5923676"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/trstmh\/traa104","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-9203","1878-3503"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-9203","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3503","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]}}}