{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T23:06:05Z","timestamp":1782169565085,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005288","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Amaz\u00f4nia Paraense de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005288","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007382","name":"Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007382","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Female sex workers (FSWs) are an especially vulnerable group for syphilis and other sexually transmitted infection (STIs). This study determined the prevalence of syphilis in FSWs and factors associated with this disease in the Maraj\u00f3 Archipelago (northern Brazil), as well as the frequency of point mutations (A2058G and A2059G) in the 23S rRNA gene of Treponema pallidum and coinfections with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>FSWs were diagnosed using a rapid qualitative test and the isolates were evaluated for the presence of point mutations by real-time PCR. Blood samples with T. pallidum were tested for the presence of HBV, HCV and HDV by ELISA and confirmed by real-time PCR. The factors associated with syphilis were identified using Poisson regression models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, 41.1% FSWs tested positive for syphilis and 23.5% were infected with strains having A2058G\/A2059G point mutations. HBV (23.0%) and HCV (8.1%) were detected among FSWs with syphilis. Six factors were associated with syphilis: low levels of education, reduced income, drug use, unprotected sex, a lengthy career in prostitution and a lack of regular medical check-ups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings indicate an urgent need for implementation of effective strategies to diagnose, prevent and treat syphilis, as well as other STIs, in this Brazilian region.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/traa127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T19:14:02Z","timestamp":1603221242000},"page":"792-800","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["<i>Treponema pallidum<\/i> in female sex workers from the Brazilian Maraj\u00f3 Archipelago: prevalence, risk factors, drug-resistant mutations and coinfections"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9373-7743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelen C","family":"Coelho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Resid\u00eancia Multiprofissional em Sa\u00fade da Mulher e da Crian\u00e7a, Hospital Santo Ant\u00f4nio Maria Zaccaria, Bragan\u00e7a PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7457-7836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samara B","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Linguagens e Saberes na Amaz\u00f4nia, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bragan\u00e7a PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6894-4900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila Carla S","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em 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A","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5607-5835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gl\u00e1ucia C","family":"Silva-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de C\u00e9lulas e Pat\u00f3genos, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bragan\u00e7a PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8832-148X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00edsa Caricio","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Doen\u00e7as Tropicais, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m PA, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Patologia Cl\u00ednica de 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