{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T14:20:37Z","timestamp":1779200437293,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a severe depletion to health systems worldwide. In the South Kordofan state, a war-torn humanitarian region in Sudan, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the WHO Emergencies Programme have led the development of integrated programs for health, peace and rehabilitation by training rapid response teams to strengthen both surveillance system and response capacities, engaging the communities at risk with health education and promotion activities, as well as following proper infection, prevention and control measures during case investigation. Also, Early Help Assessment coordinators met with health services managers and recruited 14 teams who were trained to ensure a rapid response to COVID-19. Also, the implementation of water, sanitation and hygiene services was upscaled. Although the local community of South Kordofan is fragile and at high risk of infectious diseases, the limited numbers of detected cases of COVID-19 and COVID-19 deaths could be attributed to the early preparation and integration of programs that helped to prevent the local spread of COVID-19. This lesson needs to be thoroughly investigated to estimate whether it is cost-effective and to determine the feasibility of it being successfully implemented in other humanitarian settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trab119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T11:14:47Z","timestamp":1627038887000},"page":"193-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The role of integrated programs in the prevention of COVID-19 in a humanitarian setting"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Yousif","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sudan Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9516-9508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayman","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Edwar","family":"Siddig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6843-3361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nouh S","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Centre for Research, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022030221290055100_bib1","volume-title":"World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19, 11 March 2020"},{"issue":"13","key":"2022030221290055100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001316","article-title":"Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia","volume":"382","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022030221290055100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8816","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88086-x","article-title":"Short-term survival of critically ill COVID-19 Egyptian patients on assisted ventilation treated by either Dexamethasone or Tocilizumab","volume":"11","author":"Rashad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"10242","key":"2022030221290055100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31142-9","article-title":"Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARSCoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"395","author":"Chu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022030221290055100_bib5","first-page":"323","article-title":"The world's largest COVID-19 vaccination campaign","volume-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","author":"Bagcchi","year":"2021"},{"key":"2022030221290055100_bib6","first-page":"103","article-title":"The first laboratory-confirmed imported infections of SARS-CoV-2 in Sudan","volume-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","author":"Aljak","year":"2021"},{"issue":"02","key":"2022030221290055100_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.14520","article-title":"COVID-19 in Sudan","volume":"15","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022030221290055100_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863129","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2020.1863129","article-title":"Could COVID-19 be contained in poor populations by herd immunity rather than by strategies designed for affluent societies or potential vaccine(s)","volume":"14","author":"Ruppel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022030221290055100_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihz122","article-title":"Urgent call for a global enforcement of the public sharing of health emergencies data: lesson learned from serious arboviral disease epidemics in Sudan","volume":"12","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Health"}],"container-title":["Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/116\/3\/193\/42685855\/trab119.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/116\/3\/193\/42685855\/trab119.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T21:30:53Z","timestamp":1646256653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article\/116\/3\/193\/6343538"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/trstmh\/trab119","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-9203","1878-3503"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-9203","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3503","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]}}}