{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:49:56Z","timestamp":1740138596644,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Studies have suggested a association between serum cholesterol values and severity of envenoming. The objective of the study was to correlate the serum cholesterol levels with severity of envenoming in victims of snakebite, across snake species in our patient population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective secondary data analysis of health records of a cohort of snakebite victims treated at Little Flower Hospital, Angamaly, Kerala during June 2006\u2013January 2008 was performed. The cholesterol values were assessed in 205 consecutive patients admitted with snakebite envenoming, within 24 h of admission and 10 h of overnight fasting. Lipid fractions were estimated from fasting serum through the standard CHOD-PAP method on a Hitachi analyzer. The cholesterol level was compared between victims with mild and serious envenoming to assess the proportion among each category with a low cholesterol (defined as \u2264150 mg\/dl as per institutional criteria). In addition, low cholesterol as a marker of severity was compared with other laboratory parameters suggesting severe envenoming such as low fibrinogen, low platelet count, neutrophilia, elevated creatinine, d-dimer, hepatic transaminases and albuminuria.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of the 146 victims with serious degree of snakebite envenoming 116 (79%) had low cholesterol values \u2264150 mg%, while 30 (21%) had values &amp;gt;150 mg%. Of the patients with low cholesterol, 116 (78%) had serious envenoming, while 22% had mild envenoming. By contrast, 30 patients (21%) had values &amp;gt;150 mg%. The risk of moderate-severe envenoming with low cholesterol was 2.7 times (170%) that of victims with normal or high cholesterol on admission.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A low cholesterol on admission in victims of snake envenoming suggested a more severe degree of envenoming and likelihood of complications.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trac058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T15:56:21Z","timestamp":1656604581000},"page":"1071-1076","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hypocholesterolaemia as a prognostic factor in venomous snakebite: a retrospective study from a single centre in Kerala, India"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0786-8123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaideep C","family":"Menon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Cardiology & Population Health Sciences, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences , Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph K","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Consultant Nephrologist, Little Flower hospital & Research centre , Angamaly Kerala, 683572, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manoj P","family":"Jose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Consultant Physician, Little Flower hospital & Research centre , Angamaly Kerala, 683572, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1907-8708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chandrasekhar","family":"Janakiram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry , Amrita Vishwavidhyapeetham, Cochin, Kerala, 680241, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dileep","family":"Kumar K","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indriyam Biologics Pvt. Ltd, SCTIMST-TIMED , 5th Floor. M S Valiathan Building, BMT Wing - Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dhananjaya B","family":"Lakappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxinology\/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Center for Emerging Technologies, Jain Global Campus, Jain University , Jakksandra post, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara, Karnataka, 562112, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Perumana R","family":"Sudhakaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asuthosh Mookerjee Fellow, Department of Computational BioAlogy and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala , Kariavattom, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695581, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oomen V","family":"Oomen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Venom Informatics, Dept. of Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Kerala , Kariavattom North Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Keralam, 695581, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"reference":[{"author":"Snakebite envenoming","key":"2022110111181630500_bib1"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022110111181630500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s40409-017-0127-6","article-title":"Snakebite envenomation turns again into a neglected tropical disease!","volume":"23","author":"Chippaux","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2022110111181630500_bib3","first-page":"515","article-title":"Snake-bites: appraisal of the global situation","volume":"76","author":"Chippaux","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022110111181630500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17079","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.79","article-title":"Snakebite envenoming","volume":"3","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"23","key":"2022110111181630500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4544","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08115.x","article-title":"Enzymatic toxins from snake venom: structural characterization and mechanism of catalysis","volume":"278","author":"Kang","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022110111181630500_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.02.018","article-title":"Structure-function relationships and mechanism of anticoagulant phospholipase A2 enzymes from snake venoms","volume":"45","author":"Kini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022110111181630500_bib7","first-page":"181","article-title":"Biomed pap med facunivpalacky. 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