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We conducted a systematic review, including case reports and case series, of Strongyloides hyperinfection and dissemination from 1998 to 2020 searching PubMed, EBSCO and SciELO. Cases that met the inclusion criteria of the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher\u2019s exact test and Student's t-test and a Bonferroni correction for all the significant values. A total of 339 cases were included in this review. The mortality rate was 44.83%. The presence of infectious complications, septic shock and a lack of treatment were risk factors for a fatal outcome. Eosinophilia and ivermectin treatment were associated with an improved outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trad032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,10]],"date-time":"2023-06-10T11:56:09Z","timestamp":1686398169000},"page":"682-696","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 339 cases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7717-7072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga C","family":"Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Facultad de Medicina, Dr Eleuterio Gonzalez Gonzalitos\u2013Francisco I . Madero s\/n 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon , Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7348-9463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra M","family":"Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Facultad de Medicina, Dr Eleuterio Gonzalez Gonzalitos\u2013Francisco I . Madero s\/n 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon , Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4121-2240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiram","family":"Villanueva-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional ISSSTE Monterrey , Av. Adolfo L\u00f3pez Mateos, 122 Bur\u00f3cratas Federales 64380, Monterrey, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7002-4556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Carrion-Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional ISSSTE Monterrey , Av. Adolfo L\u00f3pez Mateos, 122 Bur\u00f3cratas Federales 64380, Monterrey, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad de Monterrey. N.L. Mexico . Av. 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