{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:15:26Z","timestamp":1785885326664,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["208378\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["208378\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Blood transfusion remains an important aspect of patient management in visceral leishmaniasis (VL). However, transfusion triggers considered are poorly understood. This review summarises the transfusion practices adopted in VL efficacy studies using the Infectious Diseases Data Observatory VL clinical trials library. Of the 160 studies (1980\u20132021) indexed in the IDDO VL library, description of blood transfusion was presented in 16 (10.0%) (n=3459 patients) studies. Transfusion was initiated solely based on haemoglobin (Hb) measurement in nine studies, combining Hb measurement with an additional condition (epistaxis\/poor health\/clinical instability) in three studies and the criteria was not mentioned in four studies. The Hb threshold range for triggering transfusion was 3\u20138 g\/dL. The number of patients receiving transfusion was explicitly reported in 10 studies (2421 patients enrolled, 217 underwent transfusion). The median proportion of patients who received transfusion in a study was 8.0% (Interquartile range: 4.7% to 47.2%; range: 0\u2013100%; n=10 studies). Of the 217 patients requiring transfusion, 58 occurred before VL treatment initiation, 46 during the treatment\/follow-up phase and the time was not mentioned in 113. This review describes the variation in clinical practice and is an important initial step in policy\/guideline development, where both the patient's Hb concentration and clinical status must be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trae018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T15:23:47Z","timestamp":1711553027000},"page":"481-490","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Blood transfusion in the care of patients with visceral leishmaniasis: a review of practices in therapeutic efficacy studies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2158-846X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabin","family":"Dahal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data Observatory (IDDO) , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2892-3053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sauman","family":"Singh-Phulgenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data Observatory (IDDO) , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3615-4928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data Observatory (IDDO) , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glaucia","family":"Cota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ren\u00e9 Rachou (IRR), Fiocruz Minas, Augusto de Lima Avenue, 1517, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil, ZIP code 30.190-002 , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5924-872X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koert","family":"Ritmeijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e9res , Plantage Middenlaan 14, 1018 DD Amsterdam , Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Musa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum , Khartoum 11111 , Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6213-5224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative , CH1202, Geneva , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1713-6209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kasia","family":"Stepniewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data Observatory (IDDO) , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6008-2963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe J","family":"Guerin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data Observatory (IDDO) , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , OX3 7LG, Oxford , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024080516360390600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-5101-2.00048-0","article-title":"Chapter 47. 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