{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:45:47Z","timestamp":1790729147109,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Viral exanthems can present with diverse morphologies of rash, including macular, maculopapular, papular, urticarial and vesicular, or sometimes a combination of these. There has been an increasing trend towards emerging and re-emerging viral exanthems in recent years, the cause of which is multifactorial, including changing environmental conditions and altered host\u2013vector\u2013agent interaction. The significant temperature variations brought on by climate change and ever-increasing international travel has modified the host\u2013agent interactions, and many re-emerging viral illnesses are now presenting with atypical presentations, including an increased frequency of affliction across broader age groups and heightened manifestations often posing as \u2018great imitators\u2019 mimicking a myriad of other dermatoses. Although final diagnosis often relies on serological and molecular tests, certain cutaneous clues can help arrive at a probable clinical diagnosis and help the clinicians order specific and relevant investigations, especially in resource-poor settings where access to laboratory diagnostic tests is likely to be limited.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>In this review we explore the changing disease dynamics of common viral infections, especially in resource-poor settings, including coronavirus disease 2019, chikungunya, hand-foot-and-mouth disease and some newly emerging ones like mpox (previously referred to as monkeypox), and highlight recent developments in our understanding of the clinical variations seen in their presentations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trae087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T09:27:41Z","timestamp":1731576461000},"page":"13-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Emerging and re-emerging viral exanthems among children: what a physician should know"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1165-1103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anuradha","family":"Bishnoi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology , , Chandigarh 160012 ,","place":["India"]},{"name":"Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , , Chandigarh 160012 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9495-7502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apoorva","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology , , Chandigarh 160012 ,","place":["India"]},{"name":"Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , , Chandigarh 160012 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7481-2330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hitaishi","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology , , Chandigarh 160012 ,","place":["India"]},{"name":"Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , , Chandigarh 160012 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6323-4988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keshavamurthy","family":"Vinay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology , , Chandigarh 160012 ,","place":["India"]},{"name":"Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , , Chandigarh 160012 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