{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T23:42:25Z","timestamp":1776469345402,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["409901\/2016-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["409901\/2016-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the Americas, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) results from the zoonotic transmission of Leishmania infantum. VL has a high occurrence rate in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (BH), Minas Gerais, Brazil, and has rapidly spread throughout the municipality since it was first recorded in 1994. This research analysed a historical perspective over 25\u00a0y of human VL occurrence in BH.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An ecological study of reported human VL occurrence from January 1994 to December 2018 in BH was performed. Epidemiological indicators and changes in the spatiotemporal transmission patterns of human VL were analysed throughout the study period.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The average annual incidence of human VL was 3.20 cases per 100\u00a0000 inhabitants over the study period. The case fatality rate ranged from 7% to 21%. The proportion of VL\/human immunodeficiency virus coinfection was &amp;gt;20% in the years 2012, 2015 and 2018. Human VL was introduced into BH through the East and Northeast regions, expanding to other areas. The coverage areas of the S\u00e3o Miguel Arcanjo and Cafezal health centres (both in the Centro-Sul region of the city) as well as other areas in the Northeast, Northwest, Pampulha, Venda Nova, North, and East regions of the city presented higher relative risks for human VL occurrence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study contributes to a better understanding of the disease's epidemiological profile and identifies priority areas for developing control and monitoring actions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trae143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T14:27:31Z","timestamp":1738247251000},"page":"384-392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spatiotemporal analysis of visceral leishmaniasis in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: a historical perspective (1994\u20132018)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2072-3759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla M D","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Ant\u00f4nio Carlos , 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Campus Rural de Marab\u00e1, Instituto Federal do Par\u00e1 , Rodovia BR-155, km 25, Assentamento 26 de Mar\u00e7o, CEP 68502120 Marab\u00e1, Par\u00e1 ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Campus Santa Luzia, Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais , Rua \u00c9rico Ver\u00edssimo, 317, Londrina, CEP 33115390 Santa Luzia, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diogo T","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Ant\u00f4nio Carlos , 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana M T","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Ant\u00f4nio Carlos , 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Campus de Lago da Pedra, Universidade Estadual do Maranh\u00e3o, Avenida Luis Osmani Pimentel de Mac\u00eado , 1155, CEP 65715000 Lago da Pedra, Maranh\u00e3o ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancia Animal, Universidade Estadual do Maranh\u00e3o, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria Paulo VI, Avenida Louren\u00e7o Vieira da Silva , no 1000, Bairro S\u00e3o Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o, CEP 65055310 S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, Maranh\u00e3o ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna R","family":"de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Ant\u00f4nio Carlos , 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00e2ngela","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Ant\u00f4nio Carlos , 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria H F","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Ant\u00f4nio Carlos , 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Secretaria Municipal de Sa\u00fade de Belo Horizonte , Avenida Afonso Pena, no 2336, Bairro Savassi, CEP 30130012 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David S","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Ant\u00f4nio Carlos , 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 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