{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T22:53:11Z","timestamp":1772319191360,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Understanding the prevalence, characteristics, diagnosis and management of headaches associated with neurocysticercosis (NCC) is essential for optimizing patient care.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We examined case reports, case series and cohort studies that explored headaches in NCC patients. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024530164).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 53 isolated NCC cases presenting with headache and 8 cohort studies were included. Severe or progressive headaches, often resembling migraines, were most prevalent (35.2%). Brain parenchymal cysts were the most frequently observed lesion type (39.6%), followed by ventricular cysts (28.3%). Treatment primarily consisted of cysticidal therapy (66.2%), with surgical intervention required in 25.4% of cases. The majority of patients (96.2%) experienced clinical improvement. The meta-analysis addressed three key questions. Patients with primary headaches exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of calcified NCC (odds ratio [OR] 2.82, I2=0%). Likewise, primary headaches were more common in individuals with calcified NCC (OR 2.82, I2=0%). However, headache frequency (mean difference=1.93, I2=86%) and severity (mean difference=4.45, I2=99%) did not differ significantly.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Brain parenchymal cysts, particularly ring or disk-enhancing colloidal cysts, may present with new-onset headaches mimicking primary headache syndromes. Our meta-analysis indicates a significant association between calcified NCC and primary headaches, but no substantial differences were found in headache frequency or severity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/traf066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T04:39:01Z","timestamp":1750999141000},"page":"1113-1134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exploring the spectrum of headaches in neurocysticercosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0044-7083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravindra Kumar","family":"Garg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University Department of Neurology, , Lucknow , \u00a0 226003","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Rizvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King George's Medical University Department of Neurology, , Lucknow , \u00a0 226003","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raza Abbas","family":"Mahdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Department of Nuclear Medicine, , Chandigarh ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Uniyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King George's Medical University Department of Neurology, , Lucknow , \u00a0 226003","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinay","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King George's Medical University Department of Neurology, , Lucknow , \u00a0 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