{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:07:44Z","timestamp":1784246864491,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"FAPESP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Honduras, Central America, human infection with Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi can lead to the clinical manifestation known as non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL) and visceral leishmaniasis. This study evaluates the dynamics of human infection with L. (L.) infantum chagasi, focusing on the NUCL form, atypical and rare clinical form of disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cohort of 576 individuals from Amapala, southern Honduras, was followed for 2 y with clinical, parasitological and immunological tests: ELISA-IgG\/IgM and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) tests were conducted at 12 and 24 mo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence was 82% asymptomatic and 18% symptomatic, with only NUCL cases. Among asymptomatic individuals, 44.9% with an indeterminate profile (DTH-\/ELISA+) evolved to a final asymptomatic infection profile (DTH+\/ELISA-). Among symptomatic individuals, 43% had an early symptomatic profile (DTH-\/ELISA-) and evolved to a final symptomatic infection profile (DTH+\/ELISA-). Notably, none of the NUCL cases developed visceral disease during the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results suggest that L. (L.) infantum chagasi infection in southern Honduras is generally benign, as most infected individuals evolved to DTH+ and none of them developed visceral disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/traf077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T14:27:49Z","timestamp":1752762469000},"page":"1351-1360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cohort study of human infection by\n                    <i>Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi<\/i>\n                    in southern Honduras, Central America"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Wilfredo","family":"Sosa-Ochoa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo University , S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 SP ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Microbiology Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Honduras Parasitology Department, , Tegucigalpa 11101 ,","place":["Honduras"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concepci\u00f3n","family":"Zuniga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University School Hospital Department of Health Surveillance, , Tegucigalpa 11101 ,","place":["Honduras"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela V A","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo University , S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 SP ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen M S","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo University , S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 SP ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos E P","family":"Corbett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo University , S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 SP ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando T","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evandro Chagas Institute (Surveillance Secretary of Health, Ministry of Health) Parasitology Department, , Bel\u00e9m 66090-000 PA ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Tropical Medicine Nucleus, Par\u00e1 Federal University , Bel\u00e9m 66075-110 PA ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1080-2440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcia D","family":"Laurenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo University , S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 SP 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