{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:23:39Z","timestamp":1787505819959,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Leprosy is a rare and easily misdiagnosed infectious disease in China. Leprosy reactions (LRs) are the greatest challenge in the treatment of leprosy. If LRs cannot be identified early and treated in a timely manner, patients are at risk of developing disabilities. Type I reactions often occur in borderline leprosy, whereas type II reactions are more prevalent in lepromatous leprosy. Clinically, lepromatous leprosy with type I and II mixed LRs is less common. This report details a case of lepromatous leprosy with mixed LRs, where the patient sequentially developed type II and then type I reactions. Through 1\u00a0y of multidrug therapy and our timely identification and intervention for LRs during treatment, the patient achieved a successful cure without any sequelae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/traf097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T11:48:53Z","timestamp":1756900133000},"page":"74-77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unusual sequential type I and II reactions in lepromatous leprosy: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"People's Hospital of Leshan Department of Dermatology, , No 238 of Baita Street, Leshan city, Sichuan Province , 614000","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqiong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"People's Hospital of Leshan Department of Dermatology, , No 238 of Baita Street, Leshan city, Sichuan Province , \u00a0 614000","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026010505434339800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106492","article-title":"The successful implementation of comprehensive control paradigm for eliminating leprosy in Yunnan Province, China","volume":"90","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026010505434339800_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.80.2.164","article-title":"Occurrence and management of leprosy reaction in China in 2005","volume":"80","author":"Shen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"2026010505434339800_bib3","first-page":"294","article-title":"Clinical, immunological and histological aspects of an uncommon type II reaction in patients with lepromatous leprosy","volume-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol","author":"Esquenazi","year":"2008"},{"key":"2026010505434339800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e931655","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.931655","article-title":"Challenges in managing a lepromatous leprosy patient complicated with melioidosis infection, dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, and lepra reaction","volume":"22","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026010505434339800_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2015.10.006","article-title":"Leprosy type 1 reaction (formerly reversal reaction)","volume":"34","author":"Naafs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026010505434339800_bib6","first-page":"e49155","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 leprosy reaction: an update review","volume":"15","author":"Dewi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026010505434339800_bib7","first-page":"CD006949","article-title":"Interventions for erythema nodosum leprosum","volume":"2009","author":"Van Veen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026010505434339800_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.79.4.372","article-title":"Leprosy type 1 (reversal) reactions and their management","volume":"79","author":"Walker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"}],"container-title":["Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/120\/1\/74\/64339935\/traf097.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/120\/1\/74\/64339935\/traf097.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T10:43:50Z","timestamp":1767609830000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article\/120\/1\/74\/8260843"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/trstmh\/traf097","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-9203","1878-3503"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-9203","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3503","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]}}}