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Therapeutic failure in malaria has been associated with host genetic factors that influence drug metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Cytochrome P450 gene polymorphisms on the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Brazil. A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Studies were screened based on title and abstract, duplicates were removed and articles published up to August 2024 were considered. Full-text eligibility and risk of bias assessments were performed. Allelic frequencies of the identified polymorphisms were extracted from the selected studies and visualised using pie charts. Of 296 studies retrieved, eight met the inclusion criteria. Most studies focused on the association between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and malaria treatment failure, employing a genotype-based approach to predict metaboliser phenotypes. Overall, the review revealed a lack of consensus regarding the relationship between Cytochrome P450 single nucleotide polymorphisms and antimalarial drug response. The potential implications of CYP450 genetic variability for therapeutic failure and treatment safety in Brazil are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/traf116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T11:56:47Z","timestamp":1760097407000},"page":"183-191","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Polymorphisms in\n                    <i>Cytochrome P450<\/i>\n                    genes: implications for\n                    <i>Plasmodium vivax<\/i>\n                    malaria treatment in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4221-2728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo","family":"Cerilo-Filho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Centre for Microorganisms\u2019 Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Graduate Programme in Applied Microbiology and Parasitology, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Naely G","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Centre for Microorganisms\u2019 Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marrara P","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Centre for Microorganisms\u2019 Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Federal Fluminense University 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Parasitology, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raisa P","family":"Braz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Centre for Microorganisms\u2019 Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Graduate Programme in Applied Microbiology and Parasitology, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo A","family":"Miceli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Centre for Microorganisms\u2019 Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nath\u00e1lia F","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Centre for Microorganisms\u2019 Investigation, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Graduate Programme in Applied Microbiology and Parasitology, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo J de P","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Fluminense University Graduate Programme in Applied Microbiology and Parasitology, Biomedical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, , Niter\u00f3i 24020-141, 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