{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T20:52:27Z","timestamp":1775076747992,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004417","name":"Global Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Malaria Control Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are essential for malaria control, but their effectiveness is threatened by increasing resistance of Anopheles to pyrethroids. In 2021, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire distributed both standard and new-generation LLINs during its mass distribution campaign. This study assessed the physical integrity and residual efficacy of these nets 3 y after their distribution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 10 health districts chosen for ecological diversity. A total of 570 LLINs were withdrawn from randomly selected households and evaluated through WHO cone bioassays using both the susceptible Anopheles gambiae strain, Kisumu, and a local pyrethroid-resistant strain from Tiassal\u00e9. Multivariate analysis was performed to explore factors influencing mosquito mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LLIN coverage remained high (2.49 nets per household; 86.6% usage). However, 58.25% of LLINs had at least one hole, especially among standard LLINs in the North. While full efficacy was retained against the Kisumu strain, mortality dropped to 50% against the resistant strain. New-generation LLINs were more effective in the North, whereas standard LLINs were more effective in the South.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings underscore the importance of adapting LLIN distribution strategies to local resistance profiles and maintaining regular monitoring to ensure sustained protection and guide vector control policies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/traf138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T13:12:24Z","timestamp":1764335544000},"page":"359-367","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Residual efficacy of standard and new-generation long-lasting insecticidal nets 3 years after mass distribution in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7551-0740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucien Y","family":"Konan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d'Entomologie M\u00e9dicale, Institut National d\u2019Hygi\u00e8ne Publique , BP V14 Abidjan, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ladji K","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d'Entomologie M\u00e9dicale, Institut National d\u2019Hygi\u00e8ne Publique , BP V14 Abidjan, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Tia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d\u2019Entomologie M\u00e9dical et V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 Alassane Ouattara de Bouak\u00e9 , BP V 18 Bouak\u00e9, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Urbain G","family":"Silu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement Sciences Environnementales, Environnementales, UFR Gouvernance et D\u00e9veloppement Durable, Universit\u00e9 de Bondoukou , BP 81 Bondoukou, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serge B","family":"Assi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service Recherche, Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme , BP V 47, Abidjan, C\u00f4te d'Ivoire"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine M","family":"Tanoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction de Coordination, Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme , BP V 47 Abidjan, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel K","family":"Ekra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction G\u00e9n\u00e9rale, Institut National d'Hygi\u00e9ne Publique , BP V 14 Abidjan, C\u00f4te 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