{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T13:37:32Z","timestamp":1792417052768,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children under 5 (CU5) in Mozambique are highly susceptible to malaria. Few studies focus on household-level mosquito net use using 2022\u20133 national survey data (n = 1924). This study analyzed household mosquito net use as a predictor of CU5 malaria positivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a cross-sectional multivariable logistic regression including households with \u22651 CU5 (one record per household). The outcome was household-level CU5 malaria positivity, defined as \u22651 rapid diagnostic test-positive CU5. Variables included household mosquito net use, CU5 net use, wealth index, and region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Household net use showed no significant association with CU5 malaria after controlling for wealth index. Wealth index indicated a dose-response, where middle-resource households were 43% less likely (adjusted OR [aOR] = 0.57; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.84; P &amp;lt; .0048) and highest-resource households were 84% less likely (aOR = 0.16; 95% CI 0.09 to 0.27; P &amp;lt; .0001) compared with lowest-resource households. Seven regions had higher odds of malaria positivity compared with Cidade de Maputo, with significantly higher odds (P &amp;lt; .0005) in Nampula (aOR = 18.97) and Cabo Delgado (aOR = 14.70).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Campaigns should prioritize lower-wealth households and higher-risk regions to reduce CU5 positivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trag028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T09:56:17Z","timestamp":1774950977000},"page":"659-667","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk factors for malaria among children under five living in net-owning households in Mozambique from the 2022\u20133 Demographic and Health Survey"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9357-6840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hopelyn A","family":"Mooney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, , 352 Lamb Hall, PO Box 70259, 1276 Gilbreath Drive, Johnson City, TN 37614 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustapha A","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, , 352 Lamb Hall, PO Box 70259, 1276 Gilbreath Drive, Johnson City, TN 37614 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derrick N","family":"Owusu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, , 352 Lamb Hall, PO Box 70259, 1276 Gilbreath Drive, Johnson City, TN 37614 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter O","family":"Adediji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, , 352 Lamb Hall, PO Box 70259, 1276 Gilbreath Drive, Johnson City, TN 37614 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikita I","family":"Cudjoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, , 352 Lamb Hall, PO Box 70259, 1276 Gilbreath Drive, Johnson City, TN 37614 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bill","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, , 352 Lamb Hall, PO Box 70259, 1276 Gilbreath Drive, Johnson City, TN 37614 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026060818292101100_bib1","article-title":"Mozambique [Country Overview]","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026060818292101100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15535","article-title":"The effect of malaria control on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa between 2000 and 2015","volume":"526","author":"Bhatt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026060818292101100_bib3","article-title":"World Malaria Report 2024","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geneva"},{"key":"2026060818292101100_bib4","article-title":"Social and behavior change considerations for areas transitioning from high and moderate to low, very low and zero malaria transmission\u2014Health Communication Capacity Collaborative\u2014Social and Behavior Change Communication","author":"Johns Hopkins University","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026060818292101100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04405-1","article-title":"Ideational factors and their association with insecticide-treated net use in Magoe District, Mozambique","volume":"21","author":"Yukich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2026060818292101100_bib6","article-title":"President\u2019s Malaria Initiative: Mozambique Fact Sheet (Updated February 2024)\u2014Mozambique","author":"USAID (archived on ReliefWeb)","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026060818292101100_bib7","article-title":"The President\u2019s Malaria Initiative\u202f: 17th annual report to Congress","author":"President\u2019s Malaria Initiative (U.S.); United States. 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