{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:52:01Z","timestamp":1791190321708,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003042","name":"EKFS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024_EKHA.107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024_EKHA.107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leprosy rarely causes death but leads to disfigurement, stigma, and disability, resulting in socioeconomic consequences. Understanding these inter-related factors is essential for developing effective interventions. This study aimed to assess QoL and mental health among individuals affected by leprosy and to examine identify QoL predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban leprosy rehabilitation centres in Ethiopia. A total of 370 individuals were enrolled. Correlation and multivariable regression analyses were used to examine associations and identify predictors of QoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were predominantly male (54.1%) and aged \u226561 years (42.8%). Most had no education (57.3%), while only 4.3% had secondary education or above; one-half were married. Poor living conditions were reported in 84.05% of participants, while delayed diagnosis (\u22652 years after symptom onset) was observed in 53% of cases. The median social relationship QoL score was 7 (IQR 5\u20139), while that for overall QoL was 61 (IQR 56\u201368). Median sleep score was 8 (IQR 6\u201311). Stigma correlated positively with anxiety (r = 0.206) and depression (r = 0.269) and negatively with QoL (r = \u22120.251). Anxiety and depression were strongly correlated (r = 0.794, P &amp;lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stigma, psychological distress and poor sleep impair QoL among people affected by leprosy, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trag064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T11:45:41Z","timestamp":1778067941000},"page":"1027-1039","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quality of life, stigma, and mental health, in individuals affected by leprosy: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4579-6439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Temesgen K","family":"Chala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIHLMU Center for International Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Munich 80802 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Jimma University , Jimma, Oromia 378 ,","place":["Ethiopia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily S","family":"Garsleitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIHLMU Center for International Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Munich 80802 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital (LMU) , Munich 80802 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2743-7555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guenter","family":"Froeschl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIHLMU Center for International Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Munich 80802 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital (LMU) , Munich 80802 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esayas K","family":"Gudina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Jimma University , Jimma 378 ,","place":["Ethiopia"]},{"name":"Clinical Trial Unit, Jimma University , Jimma 378 ,","place":["Ethiopia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Adorjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIHLMU Center for International Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Munich 80802 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern , Bern 3000 ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital Munich , Munich 80802 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases (MCID), University of Bern , Bern 3000 ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib1","first-page":"623","article-title":"Mycobacterium leprae: a historical study on the origins of leprosy and its social stigma","volume":"29","author":"Santacroce","year":"2021","journal-title":"Le Infez Med"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20176724","article-title":"Leprosy: current situation, clinical and laboratory aspects, treatment history and perspective of the uniform multidrug therapy for all patients","volume":"92","author":"Cruz RC da","year":"2017","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib3","first-page":"97693","article-title":"Leprosy: breaking the chains of misconceptions and stigma","volume":"7","author":"Silvey","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Bacteriol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib4","article-title":"Leprosy","author":"Dockrell","year":"1990","edition":"3rd edn"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.85.1.36","article-title":"Stigma in leprosy: concepts, causes and determinants","volume":"85","author":"Sermrittirong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib6","first-page":"10","article-title":"Unveiling leprosy: exploring the depths of antiquity disease","volume":"13","author":"Asish","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mycobacterial Diseases"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1271-3","article-title":"The Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework: a global, crosscutting framework to inform research, intervention development, and policy on health-related stigmas","volume":"17","author":"Stangl","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib8","first-page":"82","article-title":"Quality of life","author":"Orlinsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"How Psychother Live Pers Self Priv Life Prof Heal"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1017\/gmh.2020.3","article-title":"The impact of leprosy on the mental wellbeing of leprosy-affected persons and their family members\u2014a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Somar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glob Ment Health"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.52403\/ijrr.20241202","article-title":"The role of oxytocin in maintaining sleep quality of leprosy patient: a literature review","volume":"11","author":"Sutama","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Res Rev"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773214Y.0000000140","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of neuropathic pain in leprosy patients treated years ago","volume":"108","author":"Ramos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pathog Glob Health"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihad099","article-title":"Stigma, depression and quality of life among people affected by neglected tropical diseases in Nepal","volume":"15","author":"Thapa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2019.07.001","article-title":"Disabilities in leprosy: an open, retrospective analyses of institutional records","volume":"95","author":"Rathod","year":"2020","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib14","first-page":"299","article-title":"The World Health Organization\u2019s WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment: psychometric properties and results of the international field trial. A report from the WHOQOL group","volume":"13","author":"Skevington","year":"2004","journal-title":"Qual life Res an Int J Qual life Asp Treat care Rehabil"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573530","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.573530","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and factor structure of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in community-based centenarians","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.15883","article-title":"Using the 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire to screen for and monitor depression","volume":"322","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib18","first-page":"1","article-title":"Validity and reliability of local endemic language version of the SARI Sigma Scale questionnaire for assessing stigma in leprosy patients","volume":"12","author":"Rahayu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib19","article-title":"WHO Expert Committee on Leprosy: Sixth report (meeting held in Geneva from 17 to 24 November 1987)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1988"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"61","author":"von Elm","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib21","first-page":"197","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with leprosy using WHOQoL-Bref Questionnaire: a pilot study","volume":"94","author":"Pai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eAO5936","DOI":"10.31744\/einstein_journal\/2021AO5936","article-title":"Factors associated to quality of life in patients with leprosy","volume":"19","author":"Pinto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Einstein"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib23","first-page":"4","article-title":"A cross sectional study on quality of life among leprosy affected persons in Hyderabad","volume":"11","author":"Durga","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Community Med Public Health"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.02.014","article-title":"The quality of life, mental health, and perceived stigma of leprosy patients in Bangladesh","volume":"64","author":"Tsutsumi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib25","article-title":"Mental health burden and associated factors among patients with leprosy after treatment completion in South West Delhi","volume":"18","author":"Wadhwani","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib26","volume-title":"Quality of life among leprosy patients: an analysis of associated factors","author":"Edin","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib27","author":"WHO","year":"2007"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009030","article-title":"Burden of depression and anxiety among leprosy affected and associated factors-a cross sectional study from India","volume":"15","author":"Govindasamy","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20200357","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-220x-reeusp-2020-0357","article-title":"Leprosy patients quality of life: a scoping review","volume":"55","author":"Barcelos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Esc Enferm USP"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.84.2.119","article-title":"Quality of life and its domains in leprosy patients after neurolysis: a study using WHOQOL-BREF","volume":"84","author":"Reis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2015.10.009","article-title":"Leprosy: social implications from antiquity to the present","volume":"34","author":"Grzybowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.11.030","article-title":"Courtesy stigma: a concealed consternation among caregivers of people affected by leprosy","volume":"196","author":"Dako-Gyeke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2026100504020209700_bib33","first-page":"6","article-title":"Emotions, relationships and behaviour: A qualitative study on experiences of stigma among persons affected by leprosy in Northern Nigeria","volume":"33","author":"Dahiru","year":"2023","journal-title":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development"}],"container-title":["Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/120\/10\/1027\/68419490\/trag064.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/120\/10\/1027\/68419490\/trag064.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:02:16Z","timestamp":1791187336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article\/120\/10\/1027\/8697334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/trstmh\/trag064","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-9203","1878-3503"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-9203","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3503","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]}}}