{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T04:23:24Z","timestamp":1792038204209,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,25]],"date-time":"2018-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":55,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01AI121378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI121378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01TW009237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01TW009237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U01AI062563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI062563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AI007392"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI007392"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R25TW009343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25TW009343"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["K23AI116869"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AI116869"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R25TW009337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25TW009337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R24TW007988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24TW007988"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Research Councils UK, Department for International Development and UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","award":["BB\/J010367\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/J010367\/1"]}]},{"name":"Research Councils UK, Department for International Development and UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","award":["BB\/L018926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/L018926"]}]},{"name":"Research Councils UK, Department for International Development and UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","award":["BB\/L017679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/L017679"]}]},{"name":"Research Councils UK, Department for International Development and UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","award":["BB\/L018845"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/L018845"]}]},{"name":"Typhoid Fever Surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa Program","award":["OPPGH5231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPPGH5231"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/try033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,23]],"date-time":"2018-03-23T08:14:38Z","timestamp":1521792878000},"page":"136-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Incidence of human brucellosis in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania in the periods 2007\u20132008 and 2012\u20132014"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Manuela","family":"Carugati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly M","family":"Biggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Maze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania"},{"name":"Centre for International Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robyn A","family":"Stoddard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shama","family":"Cash-Goldwasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian T","family":"Hertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo E B","family":"Halliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilbrod","family":"Saganda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mawenzi Regional Referral Hospital, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingileki F","family":"Lwezaula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mawenzi Regional Referral Hospital, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudovick R","family":"Kazwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Cleaveland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venance P","family":"Maro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew P","family":"Rubach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A","family":"Crump","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA"},{"name":"Centre for International Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"},{"name":"Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C1","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2006"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3283638104","article-title":"Brucellosis in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"26(5)","author":"Rubach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.10.023","article-title":"Brucellosis in sub-Saharan Africa: current challenges for management, diagnosis and control","volume":"165","author":"Ducrotoy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0327","article-title":"Brucellosis among hospitalized febrile patients in northern Tanzania","volume":"87(6)","author":"Bouley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2003.08.004","article-title":"Brucellosis and Q-fever seroprevalences of nomadic pastoralists and their livestock in Chad","volume":"61(4)","author":"Schelling","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.06.031","article-title":"Clinical manifestations and complications in 1028 cases of brucellosis: a retrospective evaluation and review of the literature","volume":"14(6)","author":"Buzgan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C7","first-page":"867","article-title":"Human health benefits from livestock vaccination for brucellosis: case study","volume":"81(12)","author":"Roth","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull World Health Org"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0905.020428","article-title":"Estimating the incidence of typhoid fever and other febrile illnesses in developing countries","volume":"9(5)","author":"Crump","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0706","article-title":"A novel low-cost approach to estimate the incidence of Japanese encephalitis in the catchment area of three hospitals in Bangladesh","volume":"85(2)","author":"Paul","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30350","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030350","article-title":"The burden of invasive bacterial infections in Pemba, Zanzibar","volume":"7(2)","author":"Thriemer","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005165","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005165","article-title":"Comparison of the estimated incidence of acute leptospirosis in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania between 2007\u201308 and 2012\u201314","volume":"10(12)","author":"Maze","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq103","article-title":"Invasive bacterial and fungal infections among hospitalized HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults and adolescents in northern Tanzania","volume":"52(3)","author":"Crump","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02774.x","article-title":"Invasive bacterial and fungal infections among hospitalized HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children and infants in northern Tanzania","volume":"16(7)","author":"Crump","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2324","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002324","article-title":"Etiology of severe non-malaria febrile illness in Northern Tanzania: a prospective cohort study","volume":"7(7)","author":"Crump","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.13.2.398-400.1981","article-title":"Safranin O-stained antigen microagglutination test for detection of Brucella antibodies","volume":"13(2)","author":"Brown","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.11.6.691-693.1980","article-title":"2-Mercaptoethanol Brucella agglutination test: usefulness for predicting recovery from brucellosis","volume":"11(6)","author":"Buchanan","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C17","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2589","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002589","article-title":"Estimating leptospirosis incidence using hospital-based surveillance and a population-based health care utilization survey in Tanzania","volume":"7(12)","author":"Biggs","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00010-06","article-title":"Evaluation of different PCR assays for early detection of acute and relapsing brucellosis in humans in comparison with conventional methods","volume":"45(4)","author":"Mitka","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C20","author":"National Bureau of Statistics, Tanzania","year":"2002"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C21","author":"National Bureau of Statistics, Tanzania","year":"2012"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.11.003","article-title":"Utility of an immunocapture-agglutination test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test against cytosolic proteins from Brucella melitensis B115 in the diagnosis and follow-up of human acute brucellosis","volume":"55(1)","author":"Mantec\u00f3n","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2012.01.003","article-title":"Application of the microagglutination test for serologic diagnosis of human brucellosis","volume":"3(1)","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osong Public Health Res Perspect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.25.10.1969-1972.1987","article-title":"Comparison of serologic screening tests for brucellosis","volume":"25(1)","author":"Moyer","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4000","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.11.4000-4005.2000","article-title":"Evaluation of an immunocapture-agglutination test (Brucellacapt) for serodiagnosis of human brucellosis","volume":"38(11)","author":"Ordu\u00f1a","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1865","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001865","article-title":"Global burden of human brucellosis: a systematic review of disease frequency","volume":"6(10)","author":"Dean","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199607000-00003","article-title":"Complications associated with Brucella melitensis infection: a study of 530 cases","volume":"75(4)","author":"Colmenero","year":"1996","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(90)92214-6","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of 106 cases of human brucellosis","volume":"20(1)","author":"Shehabi","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2008.0192","article-title":"Estimated burden of human Salmonella, Shigella, and Brucella infections in Jordan, 2003\u20132004","volume":"6(4)","author":"Gargouri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180625120856_try033C30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0125","article-title":"Risk factors for human brucellosis in northern Tanzania","volume":"98(2)","author":"Cash-Goldwasser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"}],"container-title":["Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article-pdf\/112\/3\/136\/25092842\/try033.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T22:12:23Z","timestamp":1604009543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/trstmh\/article\/112\/3\/136\/4985557"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/trstmh\/try033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-9203","1878-3503"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-9203","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3503","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]}}}