{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:19:30Z","timestamp":1777389570562,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["678732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["678732"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["835577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["835577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014663","name":"ABC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-AG028050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-AG028050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-AG-6-2101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-AG-6-2101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-AG-6-2103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-AG-6-2103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-AG-6-2106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-AG-6-2106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-NR012459"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-NR012459"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP-62842"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-62842"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002999","name":"Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002999","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G0500997"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0500997"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000377","name":"Dunhill Medical Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R124\/0509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R124\/0509"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T20:12:42Z","timestamp":1612987962000},"page":"29-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Low protein intake, physical activity, and physical function in European and North American community-dwelling older adults: a pooled analysis of four longitudinal aging cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7589-9901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Linda M","family":"Hengeveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5136-298X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjolein","family":"Visser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5831-8666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Presse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Canh\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eleanor M","family":"Simonsick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stephen B","family":"Kritchevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anne B","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pierrette","family":"Gaudreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6377-9926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol","family":"Jagger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib1","unstructured":"European Commission \u2013 Eurostat. Mortality and life expectancy statistics. 2020."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib2","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. Table 13-10-0114-01 Life expectancy and other elements of the life table, Canada, all provinces except Prince Edward Island. 2020."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib3","unstructured":"CDC \u2013 National Center for Health Statistics. National vital statistics reports. 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88016","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088016","article-title":"The contribution of diseases to the male-female disability-survival paradox in the very old: results from the Newcastle 85+ study","volume":"9","author":"Kingston","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt006","article-title":"Fruit and vegetable consumption and mortality: European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition","volume":"178","author":"Leenders","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.01.147","article-title":"Exploring potential mortality reductions in 9 European countries by improving diet and lifestyle: a modelling approach","volume":"207","author":"O\u2019Flaherty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.1.150","article-title":"Dietary protein intake is associated with lean mass change in older, community-dwelling adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study","volume":"87","author":"Houston","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glv184","article-title":"Dietary protein intake is protective against loss of grip strength among older adults in the Framingham offspring cohort","volume":"71","author":"McLean","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"issue":"6 Pt A","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.11.005","article-title":"Low protein intake, muscle strength and physical performance in the very old: the Newcastle 85+ study","volume":"37","author":"Granic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14856","article-title":"Protein intake and mobility limitation in community-dwelling older adults: the Health ABC Study","volume":"65","author":"Houston","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1017\/S000711451600012X","article-title":"Dietary protein intake is associated with better physical function and muscle strength among elderly women","volume":"115","author":"Isanejad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12503","article-title":"Biomarker-calibrated protein intake and physical function in the Women\u2019s Health Initiative","volume":"61","author":"Beasley","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.146555","article-title":"Even mealtime distribution of protein intake is associated with greater muscle strength, but not with 3-y physical function decline, in free-living older adults: the Quebec longitudinal study on Nutrition as a Determinant of Successful Aging (NuAge study)","volume":"106","author":"Farsijani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-013-0379-y","article-title":"Associations of dietary protein intake on subsequent decline in muscle mass and physical functions over four years in ambulant older Chinese people","volume":"18","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqaa099","article-title":"Sex- and race-specific associations of protein intake with change in muscle mass and physical function in older adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study","volume":"112","author":"Elstgeest","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib16","unstructured":"European Commission, EU Science Hub, Dietary protein, [Internet]. [cited 2019 Jan 10]. Available from: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/jrc\/en\/health-knowledge-gateway\/promotion-prevention\/nutrition\/protein."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12580","article-title":"Prevalence of protein intake below recommended in community-dwelling older adults: a meta-analysis across cohorts from the PROMISS consortium","volume":"11","author":"Hengeveld","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.05.021","article-title":"Evidence-based recommendations for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: a position paper from the PROT-AGE Study Group","volume":"14","author":"Bauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000162","article-title":"Protein intake and muscle function in older adults","volume":"18","author":"Deer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.04.007","article-title":"Protein intake and exercise for optimal muscle function with aging: recommendations from the ESPEN Expert Group","volume":"33","author":"Deutz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-3980-9","article-title":"Nutrition and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia: systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Beaudart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy192","article-title":"Effects of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in nonfrail community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"108","author":"Ten Haaf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.07.002","article-title":"Protein supplementation does not significantly augment the effects of resistance exercise training in older adults: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Thomas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqx020","article-title":"Prospective associations of poor diet quality with long-term incidence of protein-energy malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study","volume":"107","author":"Hengeveld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0192-0","article-title":"The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam: cohort update 2016 and major findings","volume":"31","author":"Hoogendijk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b4904","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b4904","article-title":"Health and disease in 85 year olds: baseline findings from the Newcastle 85+ cohort study","volume":"339","author":"Collerton","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2007.0596","article-title":"Nutrition as a determinant of successful aging: description of the Quebec longitudinal study Nuage and results from cross-sectional pilot studies","volume":"10","author":"Gaudreau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114416","article-title":"A data-based approach to diet questionnaire design and testing","volume":"124","author":"Block","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12071998","article-title":"Relative validity of the HELIUS food frequency questionnaire for measuring dietary intake in older adult participants of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam","volume":"12","author":"Visser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib30","unstructured":"Elstgeest LEM, Visser M. Nutrition and food-related behaviour study 2014\u20132015 (side study)[Internet]. Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam [cited 2018 Oct 18]. Available from: https:\/\/www.lasa-vu.nl\/themes\/physical\/nutrition.html"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516002567","article-title":"Micronutrient intake and food sources in the very old: analysis of the Newcastle 85+ Study","volume":"116","author":"Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516001379","article-title":"Macronutrient intake and food sources in the very old: analysis of the Newcastle 85+ Study","volume":"115","author":"Mendonca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2013.01.014","article-title":"Characterization of dietary protein among older adults in the United States: amount, animal sources, and meal patterns","volume":"113","author":"Berner","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-017-1537-5","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of low protein intake in very old adults: insights from the Newcastle 85+ Study","volume":"57","author":"Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib35","unstructured":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Dietary reference values for nutrients: summary report. 2017."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib36","series-title":"Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids.","year":"2005"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000499374","article-title":"Revised reference values for the intake of protein","volume":"74","author":"Richter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib38","series-title":"Nordic nutrition recommendations 2012: integrating nutrition and physical activity.","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15592","article-title":"Protein intake and disability trajectories in very old adults: the Newcastle 85+ Study","volume":"67","author":"Mendonca","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.01.009","article-title":"Effects of dietary patterns and low protein intake on sarcopenia risk in the very old: the Newcastle 85+ study","volume":"39","author":"Granic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11040777","article-title":"Appetite and protein intake strata of older adults in the European Union: socio-demographic and health characteristics, diet-related and physical activity behaviours","volume":"11","author":"Hung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0196406","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196406","article-title":"Development and validation of a short food questionnaire to screen for low protein intake in community-dwelling older adults: the Protein Screener 55+ (Pro55+)","volume":"13","author":"Wijnhoven","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afz142","article-title":"Protein intake and transitions between frailty states and to death in very old adults: the Newcastle 85+ Study","volume":"49","author":"Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2020","journal-title":"Age Ageing."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53257.x","article-title":"Type and intensity of activity and risk of mobility limitation: the mediating role of muscle parameters","volume":"53","author":"Visser","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00049-9","article-title":"The physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE): evidence for validity","volume":"52","author":"Washburn","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.07.004","article-title":"Sodium intake and physical activity impact cognitive maintenance in older adults: the NuAge Study","volume":"33","author":"Fiocco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2003.07.008","article-title":"Comparison of the LASA physical activity questionnaire with a 7-day diary and pedometer","volume":"57","author":"Stel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199301000-00011","article-title":"Compendium of physical activities: classification of energy costs of human physical activities","volume":"25","author":"Ainsworth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exercise."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afv062","article-title":"A comparison of physical activity measures from self-report and raw accelerometry in the very old: results from the Newcastle 85+ study","volume":"44","author":"Innerd","year":"2015","journal-title":"Age Ageing."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu214","article-title":"\u201cSkeletal muscle function deficit\u201d in a nationally representative British birth cohort in early old age","volume":"70","author":"Cooper","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stat Soft."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib52","series-title":"Modeling survival data: extending the Cox model.","author":"Terry","year":"2000"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108370","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108370","article-title":"Improving retention of very old participants in longitudinal research: experiences from the Newcastle 85+ Study","volume":"9","author":"Davies","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124111400041","article-title":"Group-based trajectory modeling extended to account for nonrandom participant attrition","volume":"40","author":"Amelia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sociol Methods Res."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib55","unstructured":"Sudell M, Kolamunnage-Dona R, Tudur SC. joineRmeta: joint modelling for meta-analytic (multi-study) data. R package version 012. R Project; 2020."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib56","series-title":"The theory of stochastic processes.","author":"Cox","year":"1965"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280208092301","article-title":"Multi-state models for the analysis of time-to-event data","volume":"18","author":"Meira-Machado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v038.i08","article-title":"Multi-state models for panel data: the msm package for R","volume":"38","author":"Jackson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Stat Softw."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12213","article-title":"Age-associated decline of muscle mass, grip strength and gait speed: a 4-year longitudinal study of 3018 community-dwelling older Chinese","volume":"14","author":"Auyeung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114517003816","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of protein and amino acid supplements in older adults with acute or chronic conditions","volume":"119","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-02041-1","article-title":"Contribution of protein intake and its interaction with physical activity to transitions between disability states and to death in very old adults: the Newcastle 85+ Study","volume":"59","author":"Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gly201","article-title":"Protein intake and functional integrity in aging: the Framingham heart study offspring","volume":"75","author":"Hruby","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx070","article-title":"High-protein foods and physical activity protect against age-related muscle loss and functional decline","volume":"73","author":"Bradlee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12690","article-title":"Animal protein intake is associated with higher-level functional capacity in elderly adults: the Ohasama study","volume":"62","author":"Imai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1079\/NRR19980017","article-title":"Assessing dietary intake: who, what and why of under-reporting","volume":"11","author":"Macdiarmid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nutr Res Rev."}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916522003021?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916522003021?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/article-pdf\/114\/1\/29\/38874124\/nqab051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/article-pdf\/114\/1\/29\/38874124\/nqab051.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T12:37:21Z","timestamp":1685450241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916522003021"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916522003021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Low protein intake, physical activity, and physical function in European and North American community-dwelling older adults: a pooled analysis of four longitudinal aging cohorts","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab051","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2021 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}