{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T02:50:43Z","timestamp":1773024643902,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,15]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,5]],"date-time":"2010-11-05T00:35:02Z","timestamp":1288917302000},"page":"1384-1393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Menstrual and Reproductive Factors, Exogenous Hormone Use, and Gastric Cancer Risk in a Cohort of Women From the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Duell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"No\u00e9mie","family":"Travier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Lujan-Barroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. C.","family":"Boutron-Ruault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Clavel-Chapelon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Palli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Krogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Mattiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Tumino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Sacerdote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Laudina","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Sanchez-Cantalejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Aurelio","family":"Barricarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Miren","family":"Dorronsoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kay-Tee","family":"Khaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Wareham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Naomi E.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Konstantinos K.","family":"Tsilidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H. Bas","family":"Bueno-de-Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Suzanne M.","family":"Jeurnink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. E.","family":"Numans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Petra H. M.","family":"Peeters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pagona","family":"Lagiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Valanou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Trichopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Kaaks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Annekatrin","family":"Lukanova-McGregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuela M.","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Heiner","family":"Boeing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Manjer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Lindkvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Stenling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G\u00f6ran","family":"Hallmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christina C.","family":"Dahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Overvad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Tjonneland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kjersti","family":"Bakken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eiliv","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mazda","family":"Jenab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"McCormack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Michaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Traci","family":"Mouw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Nesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elio","family":"Riboli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos A.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.2.74","article-title":"Global cancer statistics, 2002","volume":"55","author":"Parkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"16","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.07.031","article-title":"Oestrogen and the enigmatic male predominance of gastric cancer","volume":"44","author":"Chandanos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.02.049","article-title":"Tamoxifen exposure in relation to gastric adenocarcinoma development","volume":"44","author":"Chandanos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.2203.13.12","article-title":"Estrogen and risk of gastric cancer: a protective effect in a nationwide cohort study of patients with prostate cancer in Sweden","volume":"13","author":"Lindblad","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"12","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.annonc.a010406","article-title":"Second cancers after adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer in Japan","volume":"11","author":"Matsuyama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-008-0475-6","article-title":"Endogenous estrogen exposure in relation to distribution of histological type and estrogen receptors in gastric adenocarcinoma","volume":"11","author":"Chandanos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11083","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and cancer risk: a systematic analysis from a network of case-control studies","volume":"105","author":"Fernandez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2006.03.001","article-title":"Menstrual and reproductive risk factors and risk for gastric adenocarcinoma in women: findings from the Canadian National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System","volume":"16","author":"Frise","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10149","article-title":"Height, weight, menstrual and reproductive factors and risk of gastric cancer among Japanese postmenopausal women: analysis by subsite and histologic subtype","volume":"97","author":"Inoue","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022596104796","article-title":"Menstrual and reproductive factors and the mortality risk of gastric cancer in Japanese menopausal females","volume":"14","author":"Kaneko","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910530207","article-title":"Long-term impact of reproductive factors on cancer risk","volume":"53","author":"La Vecchia","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910590609","article-title":"Menstrual and reproductive factors and gastric-cancer risk in women","volume":"59","author":"La Vecchia","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602906","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and risks of oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas","volume":"94","author":"Lindblad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910560609","article-title":"Reproductive history and gastric cancer among post-menopausal women","volume":"56","author":"Palli","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24232","article-title":"Use of oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices and tubal sterilization and cancer risk in a large prospective study, from 1996 to 2006","volume":"124","author":"Dorjgochoo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.129411","article-title":"Menstrual and reproductive factors and gastric cancer risk in a large prospective study of women","volume":"56","author":"Freedman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"9","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008975817061","article-title":"Menstrual and reproductive factors and risk of gastric cancer: a Norwegian cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Heuch","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11291","article-title":"Does breastfeeding affect the risk of gastric cancer?","volume":"106","author":"Heuch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e3282f521e4","article-title":"Female reproductive factors and the risk of gastric cancer in a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan (JPHC study)","volume":"17","author":"Persson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24880","article-title":"The association of menstrual and reproductive factors with upper gastrointestinal tract cancers in the NIH-AARP cohort","volume":"116","author":"Freedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"6B","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2002394","article-title":"European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): study populations and data collection","volume":"5","author":"Riboli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.1965.64.1.31","article-title":"The two histological main types of gastric carcinoma: diffuse and so-called intestinal-type carcinoma. An attempt at a histo-clinical classification","volume":"64","author":"Lauren","year":"1965","journal-title":"Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520601101641","article-title":"Pathology findings and validation of gastric and esophageal cancer cases in a European cohort (EPIC\/EUR-GAST)","volume":"42","author":"Carneiro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22435","article-title":"CagA+ Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer risk in the EPIC-EURGAST study","volume":"120","author":"Palli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195122978.001.0001","volume-title":"Nutritional Epidemiology","author":"Willett","year":"1998","edition":"2nd ed"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2002439","article-title":"Validity and repeatability of a simple index derived from the short physical activity questionnaire used in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study","volume":"6","author":"Wareham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1399","article-title":"Determinants of serum total and free testosterone levels in women over the age of 65 years","volume":"92","author":"Cappola","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3847","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0212","article-title":"Androgen levels in adult females: changes with age, menopause, and oophorectomy","volume":"90","author":"Davison","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3040","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0581","article-title":"Ovarian androgen production in postmenopausal women","volume":"92","author":"Fogle","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(74)90490-6","article-title":"Effect of oophorectomy on circulating testosterone and androstenedione levels in patients with endometrial cancer","volume":"118","author":"Judd","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-007-9588-6","article-title":"Relation of demographic factors, menstrual history, reproduction and medication use to sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women","volume":"108","author":"McTiernan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-2-247","article-title":"The hormonal activity of the postmenopausal ovary","volume":"42","author":"Vermeulen","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1203","article-title":"Trefoil factors: initiators of mucosal healing","volume":"4","author":"Taupin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol."},{"issue":"19","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3119","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i19.3119","article-title":"Expression of trefoil factors 1 and 2 in precancerous condition and gastric cancer","volume":"12","author":"Shi","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7683","article-title":"Estrogen receptor alpha and beta expression in upper gastrointestinal tract with regulation of trefoil factor family 2 mRNA levels in ovariectomized rats","volume":"240","author":"Campbell-Thompson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2620","article-title":"Trefoil factors and human gastric cancer (review)","volume":"12","author":"Katoh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"issue":"30","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib37","first-page":"3155","article-title":"Estrogen and progesterone receptors in gastric and colorectal cancer","volume":"46","author":"Oshima","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522090741_bib38","volume-title":"Modern Epidemiology","author":"Rothman","year":"1998","edition":"2nd ed"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/aje\/article-pdf\/172\/12\/1384\/17338574\/kwq321.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,4]],"date-time":"2023-06-04T03:41:34Z","timestamp":1685850094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/aje\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/aje\/kwq321"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,4]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwq321","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-6256","0002-9262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-6256","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0002-9262","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,4]]}}}