{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T01:05:43Z","timestamp":1770339943178,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["PTDC\/BIA-ECO\/28158\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BIA-ECO\/28158\/2017"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006363","name":"National Geographic society","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NGS-53336R-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NGS-53336R-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006363","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Background matching, a common form of camouflage, is a widespread anti-predator adaptation that hinders detection or recognition by increasing the resemblance of prey to its environment. However, the natural environment is complex and both spatially and temporally variable, which constrains effective background matching as an anti-predator strategy. Here, using remote sensing data (publicly available satellite imagery), we investigated how variation of habitat parameters predicts background matching in 16 Sahara\u2013Sahel rodent species across spatial and temporal scales. All fur colour parameters (hue, saturation and brightness) strongly matched the respective habitats of the different species. Background matching in terms of hue was best at the microscale, whereas results for saturation and brightness showed more variation across spatial scales among species. Camouflage across the temporal scale (from 1 to 3 years before capture) was variable among species for all colour parameters. These complex interactions suggest that, in desert rodents, colour parameters are differentially sensitive to the respective scale of the habitat, plausibly reflecting the behaviour and life history of the species and the ecological properties determining their activity patterns. Consequently, the division between habitat (camouflage) generalists and specialists might become blurred in temporally changing and spatially variable environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolinnean\/blac107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T17:11:16Z","timestamp":1663175476000},"page":"523-533","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The effect of spatial and temporal scale on camouflage in North African rodents"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"137","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0698-3277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago","family":"Macedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Porto , 4099-002 Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Carlos Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO-InBIO Associate Laboratory, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning , Campus Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o , Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0278-6698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ossi","family":"Nokelainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 , PO Box 35, 40014, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 , Finland"}]},{"given":"Nicholas E","family":"Scott-Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK"}]},{"given":"Zbyszek","family":"Boraty\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO-InBIO Associate Laboratory, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning , Campus Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o , Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0001","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comparison of RGB and HSV colour spaces for visual attention models.","author":"Ajmal","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/aje.12399","article-title":"African wolf diet, predation on livestock and conflict in the guassa mountains of ethiopia","volume":"55","author":"Atickem","year":"2017","journal-title":"African Journal of Ecology"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s13364-018-0377-x","article-title":"The effect of rainfall on population dynamics in Sahara-Sahel rodents","volume":"63","author":"Barros","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mammal Research"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3522","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03444-y","article-title":"Repeated evolution of camouflage in speciose desert rodents","volume":"7","author":"Boraty\u0144ski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e94342","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094342","article-title":"Large spatial scale of the phenotype-environment color matching in two cryptic species of African desert Jerboas (Dipodidae: Jaculus)","volume":"9","author":"Boraty\u0144ski","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0005","first-page":"17","article-title":"The Sudano-Sahelian Dalton\u2019s mouse, Praomys daltoni, in Mauritania, Eastern Assaba mountains","volume":"10","author":"Boratynski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Go-South Bulletin"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0006","first-page":"7","article-title":"Status of Nile crocodiles in the lower Senegal river basin","volume":"30","author":"Brito","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12049","article-title":"Unravelling biodiversity, evolution and threats to conservation in the Sahara-Sahel","volume":"89","author":"Brito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-022-02354-4","article-title":"Rodents of the Afar Triangle (Ethiopia): geographical isolation causes high level of endemism","volume":"31","author":"Bryja","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biodiversity and Conservation"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20211192","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2021.1192","article-title":"Fast environmental change and eco-evolutionary feedbacks can drive regime shifts in ecosystems before tipping points are crossed","volume":"288","author":"Chaparro-Pedraza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/jzo.12682","article-title":"Camouflage","volume":"308","author":"Cuthill","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-6956-5_5","article-title":"A predator\u2019s view of animal color patterns.","volume-title":"Evolutionary biology","author":"Endler","year":"1978"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20180174","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2018.0174","article-title":"Beyond buying time: the role of plasticity in phenotypic adaptation to rapid environmental change","volume":"374","author":"Fox","year":"2019","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2009.06.016","article-title":"How barn owls (Tyto alba) visually follow moving voles (Microtus socialis) before attacking them","volume":"98","author":"Fux","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiology & Behavior"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2017.06.031","article-title":"Google Earth Engine: planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone","volume":"202","author":"Gorelick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sensing of Environment"},{"key":"2022102213462206100_CIT0015","first-page":"68","article-title":"Diversity of mammals in the Lower Dr\u00e2a valley. 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