{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T12:29:21Z","timestamp":1775219361368,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Many primary or secondary diseases of the myocardium are accompanied with complex remodelling of the cardiac tissue that results in increased heart mass, often identified as cardiac \u2018hypertrophy\u2019. Although there have been numerous attempts at defining such \u2018hypertrophy\u2019, the present paper delineates the reasons as to why current definitions of cardiac hypertrophy remain unsatisfying. Based on a brief review of the underlying pathophysiology and tissue and cellular events driving myocardial remodelling with or without changes in heart dimensions, as well as current techniques to detect such changes, we propose to restrict the use of the currently popular term \u2018hypertrophy\u2019 to cardiac myocytes that may or may not accompany the more complex tissue rearrangements leading to changes in shape or size of the ventricles, more broadly referred to as \u2018remodelling\u2019. We also discuss the great potential of genetically modified (mouse) models as tools to define the molecular pathways leading to the different forms of left ventricle remodelling. Finally, we present an algorithm for the stepwise assessment of myocardial phenotypes applicable to animal models using well-established imaging techniques and propose a list of parameters most suited for a critical evaluation of such pathophysiological phenomena in mouse models. We believe that this effort is the first step towards a much auspicated unification of the terminology between the experimental and the clinical cardiologists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfr071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,28]],"date-time":"2011-06-28T04:49:04Z","timestamp":1309236544000},"page":"811-819","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Towards a Re-Definition of \u2018Cardiac Hypertrophy\u2019 Through a Rational Characterization of Left Ventricular Phenotypes: A Position Paper of the Working Group \u2018Myocardial Function\u2019 of the ESC"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ralph","family":"Kn\u00f6ll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Myocardial Genetics, British Heart Foundation \u2014 Centre for Research Excellence, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London , Flowers Building, 4th floor, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ ,","place":["UK"]}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Iaccarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina, Universit\u00e0 di Salerno , Via Salvator Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno ,","place":["Italy"]}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Tarone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Genetica Biologia e Biochimica, Centro di Biotecnologie Molecolari, Universit\u00e0 di Torino , Via Nizza 52 ,","place":["Italy"]}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Hilfiker-Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medizinische Hochschule\u2014Hannover , Carl-Neuberg-Street 1, D-30625, Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Bauersachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medizinische Hochschule\u2014Hannover , Carl-Neuberg-Street 1, D-30625, Hannover ,","place":["Germany"]}]},{"given":"Adelino F.","family":"Leite-Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , 4200-319, Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Sugden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading , Philip Lyle Building, Room 401, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6BX ,","place":["UK"]}]},{"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Balligand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche Exp\u00e9rimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pole de Pharmacologie et Th\u00e9rapeutique (UCL-FATH), Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain , Tour V\u00e9sale +5, 52 ave Mounier, 1200, Bruxelles 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