{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T09:07:55Z","timestamp":1773392875436,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,28]],"date-time":"2021-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cardiovascular and renal systems are closely interconnected in health and disease. Disorders affecting one of these systems frequently involve the other. Both diseases progress through a continuous chain of events, defined as the \u2018cardiorenal continuum\u2019, which is initiated by risk factors that lead to subclinical disease, clinical events, and ultimately to heart failure and end-stage kidney disease. Previous studies have shown that interventions anywhere along this chain of events can interrupt the pathophysiological cascade and provide cardiovascular and\/or kidney \u2018protection\u2019. More recently, clinical trials with SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown a significant reduction in cardiovascular and kidney outcomes. Evidence from EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS Program, DECLARE-TIMI 58, VERTIS-CV, CREDENCE, and more recently DAPA-HF, EMPEROR-Reduced, and DAPA-CKD show that the beneficial effects of SGLT2i are observed across all stages of the cardiorenal continuum, ranging from patients with diabetes and multiple risk factors to those with established cardiovascular disease and even independently of diabetes status. This review provides a critical appraisal of the efficacy and safety of SGLT2i, demonstrating that this is a novel way to disrupt the chain of pathological events in the cardiorenal continuum and prevent cardiovascular and kidney disease in patients with and without diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T21:43:21Z","timestamp":1613079801000},"page":"1352-1360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Protective effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors across the cardiorenal continuum: two faces of the same coin"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Fontes-Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho , R. Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Fernandes S\/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (UnIC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Santos-Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho , R. Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Fernandes S\/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (UnIC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Itamar","family":"Raz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital , Jerusalem , Israel"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6141-634X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5972-0596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Ruschitzka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6967-5685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Cosentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022072021484807000_zwab034-B1","first-page":"107","article-title":"Origins of cardiorenal syndrome and the cardiorenal connection","author":"Bongartz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chronic Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2022072021484807000_zwab034-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-014-9460-9","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular complications","volume":"20","author":"Di Lullo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart Failure Rev"},{"key":"2022072021484807000_zwab034-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2504","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014070714","article-title":"Cause of death in 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