{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T23:19:04Z","timestamp":1788391144878,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003061","name":"Erasmus MC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001828","name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024871","name":"Netherlands Genomics Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005992","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, and Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005992","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sports"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Municipality of Rotterdam"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>General population distributions of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) are well-characterized. However, less is known about its distributions and associated event rates within high-risk populations, including individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), chronic kidney disease and varying levels of subclinical atherosclerosis and calcific aortic valve disease. Yet, such insights will facilitate clinical implementation of Lp(a) testing and enhance the design of clinical trials with Lp(a)-lowering agents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 5129 participants in the population-based Rotterdam Study were used to assess Lp(a) distributions, prevalence of Lp(a) levels exceeding thresholds used in ongoing trials (i.e. &amp;gt; 150, &amp;gt;175, and &amp;gt;200\u2005nmol\/L), accompanying numbers needed to screen (NNS), and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rates across high-risk groups. Lp(a) distributions were right-skewed across all groups. Among participants with ASCVD, 13.5% (11.9\u201315.3%) had Lp(a) &amp;gt; 150\u2005nmol\/L and 6.5% (5.3\u20137.8%) had &amp;gt;200\u2005nmol\/L, with corresponding NNS 7.4 and 15.4. Similar distributions were observed between participants with coronary artery calcium score &amp;gt;300 and participants with coronary heart disease. Prevalence in participants with aortic valve calcification scores &amp;gt;300 was double that of the general population: 20.2% (13.0\u201327.4) at &amp;gt;150\u2005nmol\/L and 11.8% (6.6\u201319.0) at &amp;gt;200\u2005nmol\/L, with the lowest NNS across all groups (5.0\u20138.5). MACE rates varied by group and increased progressively with higher Lp(a) thresholds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lp(a) distributions and MACE rates substantially vary across high-risk groups in the general population. These findings can facilitate design and recruitment strategies of studies with emerging Lp(a)-lowering therapies, while also aiding in identification of populations who may benefit from such therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:16:50Z","timestamp":1786965410000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lipoprotein(a) distributions and trial eligibility thresholds for Lp(a)-lowering therapies in the general population: the Rotterdam study"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5639-9879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaia L","family":"Hermans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, CA 3000 ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8979-2603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Bos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5976-6519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Kavousi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M Arfan","family":"Ikram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric J G","family":"Sijbrands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Section of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2226-4050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank J","family":"Wolters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanine E Roeters","family":"van Lennep","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Section of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten J G","family":"Leening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC\u2014University Medical Center Rotterdam , PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, CA 3000 ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090218564979700_zwag425-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R071233","article-title":"Lipoprotein (a) as a cause of cardiovascular disease: insights from epidemiology, genetics, and biology","volume":"57","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"2026090218564979700_zwag425-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01308-4","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease","volume":"404","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"2024","journal-title":"The 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