{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T13:24:49Z","timestamp":1774013089239,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Empathy is the capacity to understand and resonate with the experiences of other people. Patient enablement is the degree to which a patient feels strengthened in terms of being able to deal with, understand and manage their disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Secondary cross-sectional analysis of existing data from 2 independent datasets (456 primary health care patients), with the application of two validated questionnaires, Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE) and Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Evaluate medical empathy and patients\u2019 enablement after consultation with their family doctors and to verify if there was an association between these two concepts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The median value of JSPPPE-VP score was 6.60 (interquartile range 1.00) and of PEI\/ICC score was of 1.83 (interquartile range 0.67). Regarding empathy (JSPPPE-VP), patients taking chronic medication had a slight but significantly higher median score than patients not taking them (6.70 versus 6.60, P = 0.049), although regression modelling did not confirm any relevant predictor of JSPPPE-VP score. Regarding enablement (PEI\/ICC), we found significantly higher scores on younger patients, as well as, on more educated and professionally active ones (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Multivariable linear regression and Poisson regression modelling confirmed such variables as statistically significant potential predictors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A significant positive association was found between empathy score (JSPPPE-VP) and enablement score (PEI\/ICC), when adjusted to sociodemographic cofactors. On this linear regression model, age category and educational level were also significantly associated with empathy score, with the same pattern found on bivariate analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmab005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,23]],"date-time":"2021-01-23T16:11:08Z","timestamp":1611418268000},"page":"606-611","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Physician empathy and patient enablement: survey in the Portuguese primary health care"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2264-7086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Augusto","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Research in Health Technologies and Services (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"USF Caminhos do C\u00e9rtoma, ACeS Baixo Mondego\/ARS Centro, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipe","family":"Prazeres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Research in Health Technologies and Services (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"USF Beira Ria, ACeS Baixo Vouga\/ARS Centro, Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Maricoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"USF Aveiro-Aradas, ACeS Baixo Vouga\/ARS Centro, Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Centre of Beiras (CACB), Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro Augusto","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"USF Pulsar, ACeS Baixo Mondego\/ARS Centro, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Luiz Miguel","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"General Practice\/Family Medicine Academic Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra (CEISUC), Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021092506514834700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.05.048","article-title":"The anatomy of empathy: vicarious experience and 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