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These structures shape the biogeochemistry and biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems. In particular, microalgae\u2013bacteria interactions are a prominent focus of study by microbial ecologists and can provide biotechnological opportunities for numerous applications (i.e. microalgal bloom control, aquaculture, biorefinery, and wastewater bioremediation). In this review, we analyze the species dynamics (i.e. periphyton formation and factors determining the prevalence of one species over another), coexisting communities, exchange of resources, and communication mechanisms of periphytic microalgae and bacteria. We extend periphyton mathematical modelling as a tool to comprehend complex interactions. This review is expected to boost the applicability of microalgae\u2013bacteria consortia, by drawing out knowledge from natural periphyton.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuad047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T01:50:11Z","timestamp":1692237011000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Bacteria and microalgae associations in periphyton\u2014mechanisms and biotechnological opportunities"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4409-1883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisca","family":"Vale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ALiCE \u2013 Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LEPABE \u2013 Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 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of Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4893-1985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00facia C","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB \u2013 Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"LABBELS \u2013 Associate Laboratory in Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Microelectromechanical Systems , Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es , Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5255-5425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J","family":"McBain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PT , United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3355-4398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALiCE \u2013 Associate 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