{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T17:52:32Z","timestamp":1772560352259,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"R&D Unit Centre for Functional Ecology\u2014Science for People and the Planet","award":["UIDB\/04004\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04004\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006136","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/139158\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/139158\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006136","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Age assessment of the living is a fundamental procedure in the process of human identification, in order to guarantee fair treatment of individuals, which has ethical, civil, legal, and medical repercussions. The careful selection of the appropriate methods requires evaluation of several parameters: accuracy, precision of the method, as well as its reproducibility. The approach proposed by Mincer et\u00a0al. adapted from Demirjian et\u00a0al. exploring third molar mineralisation, is one of the most frequently considered for age estimation of the living. Thus, this work aims to assess potential bias in the data collection when applying the classification stages for dental mineralisation adapted by Mincer et\u00a0al. A total of 102 orthopantomographs, of clinical origin, belonging to individuals aged between 12 and 25\u00a0years ($ \\bar{\\textit x} $ = 20.12\u00a0years, SD\u2009=\u20093.49\u00a0years; 65 females, 37 males, all of Portuguese nationality) were included and a retrospective analysis performed by five observers with different levels of experience (high, average, and basic). The performance and agreement between five observers were evaluated using Weighted Cohen\u2019s Kappa and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. To access the influence of impaction on third molar classification, variables were tested using ordinal logistic regression Generalised Linear Model. It was observed that there were variations in the number of teeth identified among the observers, but the agreement levels ranged from moderate to substantial (0.4\u20130.8). Upon closer examination of the results, it was observed that although there were discernible differences between highly experienced observers and those with less experience, the gap was not as significant as initially hypothesised, and a greater disparity between the classifications of the upper (0.24\u20130.49) and lower third molars (&amp;gt;0.55) was observed. When bone superimposition is present, the classification process is not significantly influenced; however, variation in teeth angulation affects the assessment. The results suggest that with an efficient preparation, the level of experience as a factor can be overcome. Mincer and colleague's classification system can be replicated with ease and consistency, even though the classification of upper and lower third molars presents distinct challenges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/fsr\/owae004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T10:17:51Z","timestamp":1705573071000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of data collection bias of third molar stages of mineralisation for age estimation in the living"],"prefix":"10.3788","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6732-4347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"de Oliveira Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences , Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology, , Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456 ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), University of Coimbra , Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology, , Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456 ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4503-5365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel Poiares","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry Department , Faculty of Medicine, Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Institute of Periodontology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-075, Portuga"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1532-1670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Henrique Alves","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology , School of Dentistry of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Forensic Odontology, , S\u00e3o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo , School of Dentistry of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Forensic Odontology, , S\u00e3o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2998-371X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eug\u00e9nia","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences , Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology, , Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456 ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), University of Coimbra , Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology, , Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra 3000-456 ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ci\u00eancias Forenses , Lisboa 1169-201 ,","place":["Portugal"]}]}],"member":"2099","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092713282303400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119226529","volume-title":"Forensic Anthropology: Theoretical Framework and Scientific Basis","author":"Boyd","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024092713282303400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119226529.ch6","volume-title":"Forensic Anthropology: Theoretical Framework and Scientific Basis","author":"Langley","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024092713282303400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS12019J","article-title":"Evaluation of seven methods of estimating age at death from mature human skeletal remains","volume":"44","author":"Baccino","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"2024092713282303400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.09.008","article-title":"The problem of aging human remains and living individuals: a review","volume":"193","author":"Cunha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2024092713282303400_ref5","first-page":"255","volume-title":"Tratado de Medicina Legal","author":"Cunha","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024092713282303400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/20961790.2018.1549711","article-title":"Estimation of age in forensic anthropology: historical perspective and recent methodological advances","volume":"4","author":"Ubelaker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Res"},{"key":"2024092713282303400_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbaa021","article-title":"Deep learning for biological age estimation","volume":"22","author":"Rahman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brief Bioinform"},{"key":"2024092713282303400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS13418J","article-title":"The A.B.F.O. 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