{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T11:56:06Z","timestamp":1763034966269},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genome Biol Evol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evw023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]],"date-time":"2016-02-16T01:53:32Z","timestamp":1455587612000},"page":"607-621","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Evolutionary Relationships among Extinct and Extant Sloths: The Evidence of Mitogenomes and Retroviruses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Graham J.","family":"Slater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pin","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anal\u00eda M.","family":"Forasiepi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dorina","family":"Lenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kyriakos","family":"Tsangaras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bryson","family":"Voirin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"de Moraes-Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ross D. E.","family":"MacPhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alex D.","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1239\/aap\/1208358894"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1990.9999"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01415.x"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2011.02240.x"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bargo MS Toledo N Vizca\u00edno SF. 2012. Paleobiology of the Santacrucian sloths and anteaters (Xenarthra, Pilosa). In: Vizca\u00edno SF Kay RF Bargo MS , editors. Early Miocene Paleobiology in Patagonia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 216\u2013242.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511667381.014"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2004.11.015"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bolger AM Lohse M Usadel B. 2014. Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data. Bioinformatics 30:2114\u20132120.","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139611"},{"issue":"3","key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1127\/njgpa\/233\/2004\/423","article-title":"The oldest Megalonychidae (Xenarthra: Tardigrada); phylogenetic relationships and an emended diagnosis of the family","volume":"233","author":"Carlini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neues Jahrbuch F\u00fcr Geologie Und Pal\u00e4ontologie Abhandlungen"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2011.05.001"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4983.2010.01001.x"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1671\/039.029.0426"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5252\/g2014n2a2"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-4-11"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.0683"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mss075"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1130\/B30660.1","article-title":"A new chronology for middle Eocene\u2013early Miocene South American land mammal ages","volume":"125","author":"Dunn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bull Geol Soc Am"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh340"},{"issue":"2","key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.19","first-page":"87","article-title":"Body mass estimations in Lujanian (Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene of South America) mammal megafauna","volume":"5","author":"Fari\u00f1a","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mastozool Neotrop"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3199","article-title":"Endogenous viruses: insights into viral evolution and impact on host biology","volume":"14","author":"Feschotte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.1995.10011255"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2003.00100.x"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2992\/007.080.0102"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5710\/AMGH.04.12.2014.2755"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.25","unstructured":"Gaudin TJ McDonald HG. 2008. Morphology-based investigations of the phylogenetic relationships among extant and fossil Xenarthrans. In: Loughry J Vizca\u00edno S , editors. Biology of the Xenarthra. Gainesville (FL): University of Florida Press. p. 24\u201336."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003919"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1177011136"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024455415443"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705329104"},{"issue":"1","key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1006\/mpev.2000.0860","article-title":"A molecular phylogeny of two extinct sloths","volume":"18","author":"Greenwood","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Phylogenet Evol."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.31","unstructured":"Guth C. 1961. La r\u00e9gion temporale des \u00c9dent\u00e9s [ph.d. dissertation]. [Paris]: L\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Paris"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt371"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010335107"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1414980112"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1315419110"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1319091111"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-5894(03)00030-9"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.1.181"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu275"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.3.1367-1375.2006"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1174149"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-11-61"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.44","first-page":"896","article-title":"On the estimation of insertion time of LTR retrotransposable elements","volume":"37","author":"Kijima","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mss020"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-14-82"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp324"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp352"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.3.282"},{"issue":"3","key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.3.1747-1755.1999","article-title":"Minireview: foamy viruses are unconventional retroviruses","volume":"73","author":"Linial","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lyon LM Powell C McDonald HG Gaudin TJ. 2015. Premaxillae of the extinct megalonychid sloths Acratocnus, Neocnus, and Megalonyx and their phylogenetic implications (Mammalia, Xenarthra). J Mammal Evol.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914-015-9308-7"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.52","first-page":"1","article-title":"Origin of the Greater Antillean land mammal fauna. 1, New Tertiary fossils from Cuba and Puerto Rico","volume":"3141","author":"MacPhee","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am Mus Novitates"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1206\/0003-0082(2003)394<0001:DDZAEM>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.18475\/cjos.v43i1.a9","article-title":"Prehistoric sloth extinctions in Cuba: implications of a new \u201clast\u201d appearance date","volume":"41","author":"MacPhee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Carib J Sci."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014004"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.14806\/ej.17.1.200","article-title":"Cutadapt removes adapter sequences from high-throughput sequencing reads","volume":"17","author":"Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBnet J."},{"issue":"3","key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.57","first-page":"113A","article-title":"Morphological and molecular analysis of vertebral variants in the two-toed sloths Choloepus hoffmanni and Choloepus didactylus.","volume":"27","author":"Maslin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vertebr Paleontol"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.58","unstructured":"McDonald HG De Iuliis G. 2008. Fossil history of sloths. In: Vizca\u00edno SF Loughry WJ , editors. The biology of the Xenarthra. Gainesville (FL): University of Florida Press. p. 39\u201355."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1671\/0272-4634(2002)022[0349:TCAOTX]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2013.764883"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.61","unstructured":"McKenna MC Bell SK. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 631."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1206\/0003-0082(2006)3536[1:PPXFCC]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1211028"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot5448"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmammal\/gyv077"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1644\/10-MAMM-A-086.1"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101195"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067179"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1229237"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patterson B Pascual R. 1968. The fossil mammal fauna of South America. Quart Rev Biol. 409\u2013451.","DOI":"10.1086\/405916"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.71","first-page":"1","article-title":"The ear region in xenarthrans (=Edentata, Mammalia). Part II. Pilosa (sloths, anteaters), palaeanodonts, and a miscellany","volume":"24","author":"Patterson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Fieldiana Geol"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(03)00450-0"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5375.402"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4983.2006.00522.x"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1671\/0272-4634(2007)27[132:LOMFMX]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2007.00240.x"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914-012-9189-y"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq033"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.79","unstructured":"R Development Core Team. 2008. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna (Austria): R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.80","first-page":"11","article-title":"A new megalonychid sloth from the Late Wisconsinan of the Dominican Republic","volume":"38","author":"Rega","year":"2002","journal-title":"Caribbean Journal of Science"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-9-232"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/sys029"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2133766100"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.84","unstructured":"Sarich VM. 1985. Xenarthran systematics: albumin immunological evidence. In: Montgomery GG , editor. The evolution and ecology of armadillos, sloths and vermilinguas. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 77\u201381."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2014.1058"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-13-178"},{"issue":"2","key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914-010-9147-5","article-title":"Grazing in a new late Oligocene mylodontid sloth and a mylodontid radiation as a component of the Eocene-Oligocene faunal turnover and the early spread of grasslands\/savannas in South America","volume":"18","author":"Shockey","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mammal Evol."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(81)90087-5"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2011.0023"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl446"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steadman DW Martin PS , . 2005. Asynchronous extinction of late Quaternary sloths on continents and islands. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. (33):11763\u201311768.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502777102"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03341"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095633"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.94","unstructured":"Webb SD. 1985. The interrelationships of tree sloths and ground sloths. In: Montgomery GG , editor. The evolution and ecology of armadillos, sloths, and vermilinguas. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 105\u2013112."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.95","unstructured":"Wetzel RM. 1985. The identification and distribution of recent Xenarthra (= Edentata). In: Montgomery GG , editor. The evolution and ecology of armadillos, sloths, and vermilinguas. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 5\u201321."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"White JL MacPhee RDE. 2001. The sloths of the West Indies: a systematic and phylogenetic review. In: Woods CA Sergile FE , editors. Biogeography of the West Indies: patterns and perspective. Boca Raton (LA): CRC Press. p. 201\u2013236.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420039481.ch14"},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.97","unstructured":"Wilson DE Reeder DM. 2005. Mammal Species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore (MD): Johns Hopkins University Press."},{"key":"2016031119084780000_8.3.607.98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003602"}],"container-title":["Genome Biology and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gbe\/article-pdf\/8\/3\/607\/13165117\/evw023.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T14:00:23Z","timestamp":1600178423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gbe\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/gbe\/evw023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1093\/gbe\/evw023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gbe\/evw023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-6653"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-6653","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}}}