{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T08:17:42Z","timestamp":1781597862307,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025A1515011659"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A1515011659"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002402","name":"Sun Yat-sen University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24qnpy211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24qnpy211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002402","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Hong Kong Foundation for Educational Development and Research","award":["SN\/1f\/HKUF-DC; C20400.28505200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SN\/1f\/HKUF-DC; C20400.28505200"]}]},{"name":"Health Medical Research Fund","award":["HMRF\/13143241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HMRF\/13143241"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Public Health Bureau","award":["201102A211004011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201102A211004011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>China\u2019s dramatic decline in fertility rates due to family planning policies and socioeconomic changes has a significant impact on women\u2019s long-term health. We examined the associations of individual reproductive factors and reproductive risk scores (RRSs) with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality in Chinese women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>19\u2009833 women aged 50+ years from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study were included. Reproductive factors include gravidity, parity, number of abortions, age at first pregnancy, duration of breastfeeding, age at menarche, age at menopause, and contraceptive use. Weighted and unweighted RRS was constructed by 6 reproductive characteristics associated with long-term mortality. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During an average follow-up of 16.7\u2009years, 4310 deaths occurred. Per one-point increase in weighted RRS was associated with higher risks of all-cause (adjusted HR: 1.05, 95% CI, 1.03-1.07) and CVD mortality (1.07, 1.04-1.10), but not with cancer mortality (1.03, 0.99-1.07). Mortality was higher for 0 or \u22654 pregnancies than 3 pregnancies (1.32, 1.06-1.64 and 1.12, 1.02-1.22), 0 or \u22654 childbirths than 2 childbirths (1.46, 1.20-1.79 and 1.15, 1.05-1.25), \u22654 abortions than 1 abortion (1.16, 1.03-1.30), age at first pregnancy &amp;lt;22\u2009years than 22-29\u2009years (1.21, 1.13-1.30), and breastfeeding duration &amp;lt;3\u2009months than 3-11 months (1.23, 1.09-1.38). Age at menopause was negatively associated with all-cause mortality (0.99, 0.98-1.00 per 1-year increase).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reproductive factors, including gravidity, parity, abortion, age at first pregnancy, breastfeeding duration, and menopausal age, were significant determinants of mortality risk in older Chinese women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaf246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T09:27:30Z","timestamp":1762680450000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reproductive factors and risk of mortality in older women: a 16-year follow-up of Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei Xiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei Sen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Molecular Epidemiology Research Center, Guangzhou Twelfth People\u2019s Hospital , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya Li","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Epidemiology Research Center, Guangzhou Twelfth People\u2019s Hospital , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0537-922X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]},{"name":"School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7883-0341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1080\/19485565.2023.2271831","article-title":"Changes of people\u2019s fertility attitudes based on analysis of online public opinion on three-child policy in China","volume":"68","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biodemography Soc Biol"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.302.6789.1361","article-title":"Delaying childbearing: effect of age on fecundity and outcome of pregnancy","volume":"302","author":"Van Noord-Zaadstra","year":"1991","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-071715-051213","article-title":"Lactation and maternal cardio-metabolic health","volume":"36","author":"Perrine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000459633","article-title":"Metabolic adaptations in pregnancy: a review","volume":"70","author":"Zeng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.Epi-06-0470","article-title":"Effects of parity on pregnancy hormonal profiles across ethnic groups with a diverse incidence of breast cancer","volume":"15","author":"Arslan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.110.236687","article-title":"Estrogen signaling and cardiovascular disease","volume":"109","author":"Murphy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-05203-y","article-title":"Causal associations between female reproductive behaviors and psychiatric disorders: a lifecourse Mendelian randomization study","volume":"23","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122216-011902","article-title":"Why social relationships are important for physical health: a systems approach to understanding and modifying risk and protection","volume":"69","author":"Holt-Lunstad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.12051","article-title":"Loneliness and social support of older people in China: a systematic literature review","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Soc Care Community"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2528","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34508","article-title":"Female reproductive and hormonal factors and lung cancer mortality among never-smokers: a prospective cohort study of 287\u2009408 Chinese women","volume":"152","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e103673","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103673","article-title":"Age at menarche and natural menopause and number of reproductive years in association with mortality: results from a median follow-up of 11.2 years among 31,955 naturally menopausal Chinese women","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2012.08.002","article-title":"Age at menarche and cardiovascular disease mortality in Singaporean Chinese women: the Singapore Chinese Health Study","volume":"22","author":"Mueller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr134","article-title":"Reproductive history and mortality from cardiovascular disease among women textile workers in Shanghai, China","volume":"40","author":"Gallagher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu035","article-title":"Temporal trends of main reproductive characteristics in ten urban and rural regions of China: the China Kadoorie biobank study of 300\u2009000 women","volume":"43","author":"Lewington","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B15","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14711","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between childhood physical activity and age at menarche","volume":"108","author":"Calthorpe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-005-0404-5","article-title":"Effects of a school-based obesity-prevention intervention on menarche (United States)","volume":"16","author":"Chavarro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl131","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study, a Guangzhou-Hong Kong-Birmingham collaboration","volume":"35","author":"Jiang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2016-053239","article-title":"Childhood secondhand smoke exposure and pregnancy loss in never smokers: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study","volume":"26","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0130429","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130429","article-title":"Childhood passive smoking exposure and age at menarche in Chinese women who had never smoked: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3803","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2098","article-title":"Choice of time-scale in Cox\u2019s model analysis of epidemiologic cohort data: a simulation study","volume":"23","author":"Thi\u00e9baut","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112338-20220720-00644","article-title":"Choice and application of time scale selection for Cox proportional hazards regression model in cohort studies","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab168.397","article-title":"Basics of survival analysis: age is not appropriate as time scale in Cox regression model","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2015.1036965","article-title":"Using Lasso for predictor selection and to assuage overfitting: a method long overlooked in behavioral sciences","volume":"50","author":"McNeish","year":"2015","journal-title":"Multivariate Behav Res"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925618","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.925618","article-title":"Cuproptosis-related risk score predicts prognosis and characterizes the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz849","article-title":"Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and incident cardiovascular disease: a prospective study of 385\u2009292 UK biobank participants","volume":"41","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.9151","article-title":"Immortal time bias in observational studies","volume":"325","author":"Yadav","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117553","article-title":"Women\u2019s reproductive risk score and healthy lifestyle modification in cardiovascular disease: findings from the UK Biobank","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2024.111121","article-title":"Women\u2019s reproductive risk and genetic predisposition in type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study","volume":"208","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-015-0172-4","article-title":"Cumulative effect of reproductive factors on ideal cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study in central south China","volume":"15","author":"Cao","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-5122(99)00038-9","article-title":"Reproductive history and cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women: a review of the literature","volume":"33","author":"de Kleijn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31821adb43","article-title":"Reproductive risk factors for cardiovascular disease mortality among postmenopausal women in Korea: the Kangwha Cohort Study, 1985-2005","volume":"18","author":"Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-016-9421-1","article-title":"J-Curve? A meta-analysis and meta-regression of parity and parental mortality","volume":"36","author":"H\u00f6gn\u00e4s","year":"2017","journal-title":"Popul Res Policy Rev"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13411","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13411","article-title":"Parity and cardiovascular disease mortality: a dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"5","author":"Lv","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7215.992","article-title":"China\u2019s one child family policy","volume":"319","author":"Kane","year":"1999","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e241833","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.1833","article-title":"Teen pregnancy and risk of premature mortality","volume":"7","author":"Ray","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1177\/002214650504600104","article-title":"Age at first birth, health, and mortality","volume":"46","author":"Mirowsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Health Soc Behav"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-017-0631-x","article-title":"Age at first birth and long-term mortality for mothers: the Ohsaki cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Sakai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Health Prev Med"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1979.0083","article-title":"The evolution of ageing and longevity","volume":"205","author":"Kirkwood","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)30572-x","article-title":"Evolutionary public health: introducing the concept","volume":"390","author":"Wells","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S62","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.115.002464","article-title":"Parity and components of the metabolic syndrome among US Hispanic\/Latina women: results from the Hispanic Community Health Study\/Study of Latinos","volume":"9","author":"Vladutiu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0145753","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145753","article-title":"Evidence for the cost of reproduction in humans: high lifetime reproductive effort is associated with greater oxidative stress in post-menopausal women","volume":"11","author":"Ziomkiewicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e022746","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.121.022746","article-title":"Breastfeeding is associated with a reduced maternal cardiovascular risk: systematic review and meta-analysis involving data from 8 studies and 1 192\u2009700 parous women","volume":"11","author":"Tschiderer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2718","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092718","article-title":"Duration of lactation and maternal risk of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"T\u00f8rris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv379","article-title":"Breastfeeding and breast cancer risk by receptor status\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Islami","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-1070","article-title":"A prospective population-based cohort study of lactation and cardiovascular disease mortality: the HUNT study","volume":"13","author":"Natland Fagerhaug","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101693","article-title":"Breastfeeding duration and subsequent risk of mortality among US women: a prospective cohort study","volume":"54","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1103034","article-title":"The reset hypothesis: lactation and maternal metabolism","volume":"26","author":"Stuebe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n530","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n530","article-title":"Association of spontaneous abortion with all cause and cause specific premature mortality: prospective cohort study","volume":"372","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cks107","article-title":"Reproductive history patterns and long-term mortality rates: a Danish, population-based record linkage study","volume":"23","author":"Coleman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14523","article-title":"Pregnancy complications and later life women\u2019s health","volume":"102","author":"McNestry","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004342","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004342","article-title":"Fetal loss and long-term maternal morbidity and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Vlachou","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(21)00682-6","article-title":"Miscarriage matters: the epidemiological, physical, psychological, and economic costs of early pregnancy loss","volume":"397","author":"Quenby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-010-9165-9","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder, cardiovascular, and metabolic disease: a review of the evidence","volume":"39","author":"Dedert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(06)69380-x","article-title":"Maternal mortality: who, when, where, and why","volume":"368","author":"Ronsmans","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.02.047","article-title":"Differences in ovarian hormones in relation to parity and time since last birth","volume":"101","author":"Barrett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071562","article-title":"Effects of lactation on fertility","volume":"35","author":"McNeilly","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br Med Bull."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9378(99)70120-1","article-title":"The mechanism of action of hormonal contraceptives and intrauterine contraceptive devices","volume":"181","author":"Rivera","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6636856","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6636856","article-title":"Meta-analysis: early age at natural menopause and risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality","volume":"2021","author":"Huan","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int."},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02615.x","article-title":"Parity and the metabolic syndrome in older Chinese women: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study","volume":"65","author":"Lao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2026010301365679200_glaf246-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-7","article-title":"Lifetime body size and reproductive factors: comparisons of data recorded prospectively with self reports in middle age","volume":"11","author":"Cairns","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"}],"container-title":["The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/gerona\/glaf246\/65241543\/glaf246.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article-pdf\/81\/1\/glaf246\/65241543\/glaf246.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article-pdf\/81\/1\/glaf246\/65241543\/glaf246.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T06:37:03Z","timestamp":1767422223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/gerona\/glaf246\/8316874"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Lewis A","family":"Lipsitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/glaf246","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-5006","1758-535X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-5006","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-535X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"article-number":"glaf246"}}