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We aimed to assess whether diabetes was associated with a steeper muscle strength decline and whether lower strength is related to a higher diabetes incidence in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective analysis of data from two Italian population\u2013based studies in older adults (the Invecchiare in Chianti and Progetto Veneto Anziani studies). Diabetes was assessed at baseline and after a median of 4.4 (first follow-up) and 6.3\u2009years (second follow-up) using multiple sources of information. Muscle function was assessed as handgrip strength.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sample comprised 3927 participants (58.6% females) with a mean age of 75.5\u2009years (29.6% aged \u226580\u2009years). After adjusting for potential confounders, the decline in muscle strength among individuals with diabetes exceeded that of those without diabetes by 0.70\u2009kg (95% CI, \u22121.30 to \u22120.11) at the first follow-up and by 0.84\u2009kg (95% CI, \u22121.61 to \u22120.07) at the second follow-up. In those taking oral antidiabetics, this association was even stronger. Over a median 5-year follow-up, 186 incident diabetes cases were recorded. In a multivariable Cox regression, each 1-SD higher in the handgrip\/body weight ratio was associated with an 20% lower likelihood of incident diabetes (95% CI, 0.68-0.95, n\u2009=\u20093102).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings demonstrate an independent circular relationship between diabetes and skeletal muscle strength. In older people, muscle dysfunction may be a long-term diabetes complication. Whether increasing muscle strength might reduce diabetes risk remains to be determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glag004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T12:26:29Z","timestamp":1768307189000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The bidirectional relationship between diabetes and poor muscle function in older adults: data from two population-based studies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9221-6997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina","family":"Trevisan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Orthogeriatrics Unit, University Hospital Sant\u2019Anna of Ferrara , Ferrara,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet , 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