{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T19:24:18Z","timestamp":1774898658247,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]],"date-time":"2020-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas do Desporto e Juventude"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multicomponent training (MT) combines aerobic, strength, postural, and balance exercises and may be a promising intervention strategy for dementia. This meta-analysis study aims to systematize evidence concerning the effectiveness of MT in physical fitness, cognition, and functionality on activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with dementia and to identify moderation patterns regarding training variables.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>4 databases were systematically searched to locate potential trials through March 2019. A total of 2,312 records were identified and a final set of 17 manuscripts reviewed; of these, 6 satisfied all eligibility criteria.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Samples sizes ranged from 27 to 170 participants; MT programs lasted between 4 weeks and 12 months, took place from a daily basis to twice a week, and sessions ranged from 30 to 60 min. The TESTEX scale was used to analyze the methodological quality, and the funnel plots to assess the risk of bias. This meta-analysis revealed that MT interventions benefit older adults with dementia regarding ADL performance (effect size = 0.313 [0.16\u20130.46]; p &amp;lt; .01), but the evidence was not sufficiently robust to determine the effectiveness of MT on cognitive function and physical fitness, particularly, on agility.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MT may be an important nonpharmacological strategy to enhance ADL functionality on older adults with dementia. Findings suggest that long-term interventions are more prevalent than high-frequency and longer duration exercise sessions. Further evidence is needed for acknowledging its benefits in specific cognitive abilities and physical fitness. This meta-analysis is registered in PROSPERO (no. CRD42020141545).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnaa091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T19:09:59Z","timestamp":1594148999000},"page":"e449-e462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Effectiveness of Multicomponent Exercise Interventions in Older Adults With Dementia: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8839-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1via","family":"Borges-Machado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIAFEL\u2014Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"N\u00e1dia","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Farinatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Poton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio IBMR, Laureate International Universities, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4740-7951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d3scar","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CINTESIS\u2014Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIAFEL\u2014Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0001","article-title":"Home-based physical activity programs for people with dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Almeida","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0002","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exercise and dementia prevention","volume":"0","author":"Alty","year":"2020","journal-title":"Practical Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12068","article-title":"2020 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","volume":"16","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0004","volume-title":"World Alzheimer Report 2018\u2014The state of the art of dementia research: New frontiers.","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease International","year":"2018"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0005","volume-title":"ACSM\u2019s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription","author":"American College of Sports Medicine","year":"2017","edition":"10th ed"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0006","author":"American College of Sports Medicine","year":"2018"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"DSM-5: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.4782","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of dementia: Review","volume":"322","author":"Arvanitakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afm054","article-title":"Multi-modal exercise programs for older adults","volume":"36","author":"Baker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E123","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14947","article-title":"Exercise or social intervention for nursing home residents with dementia: A pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"65","author":"Barreto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8317.1988.tb00901.x","article-title":"Synthesizing standardized mean-change measures","volume":"41","author":"Becker","year":"1988","journal-title":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1159\/000321357","article-title":"Review of effects of physical activity on strength, balance, mobility and ADL performance in elderly subjects with dementia","volume":"30","author":"Blankevoort","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20110164","article-title":"Reliability of six physical performance tests in older people with dementia","volume":"93","author":"Blankevoort","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-510","article-title":"Does physical activity prevent cognitive decline and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","volume":"14","author":"Blondell","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470743386","volume-title":"Introduction to meta-analysis.","author":"Borenstein","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317518813555","article-title":"Feasibility and impact of a multicomponent exercise intervention in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A pilot study","volume":"34","author":"Borges-Machado","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Other Dementias"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610216001460","article-title":"Does physical exercise improve ADL capacities in people over 65 years with moderate or severe dementia hospitalized in an acute psychiatric setting? A multisite randomized clinical trial","volume":"29","author":"B\u00fcrge","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Psychogeriatrics"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S71691","article-title":"Effectiveness of exercise programs to reduce falls in older people with dementia living in the community: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Burton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinical Interventions in Aging"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0019","volume-title":"Applied meta-analysis for social science research.","author":"Card","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1159\/000140681","article-title":"Training and detraining effects on functional fitness after a multicomponent training in older women","volume":"55","author":"Carvalho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0021","first-page":"126","article-title":"Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research","volume":"100","author":"Caspersen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.: 1974)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000332","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and exercise: A literature review","volume":"16","author":"Cass","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Sports Medicine Reports"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsp004","article-title":"How to select, calculate, and interpret effect sizes","volume":"34","author":"Durlak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001936","article-title":"Physical activity, cognition, and brain outcomes: A review of the 2018 physical activity guidelines","volume":"51","author":"Erickson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.09.008","article-title":"Physical activity, brain plasticity, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"43","author":"Erickson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Archives of Medical Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610213001385","article-title":"The effect of exercise interventions on cognitive outcome in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Farina","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0028","first-page":"CD006489","article-title":"Exercise programs for people with dementia (review)","author":"Forbes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000000460","article-title":"Exercise for cognitive brain health in aging: A systematic review for an evaluation of dose","volume":"8","author":"Gomes-Osman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology. Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afx135","article-title":"Evaluating physical activity in dementia: A systematic review of outcomes to inform the development of a core outcome set","volume":"47","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2018","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2015.11.005","article-title":"The effect of physical activity on cognitive function in patients with dementia: A meta-analysis of randomized control trials","volume":"25","author":"Groot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ageing Research Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14054","article-title":"Evaluation of a community-based exercise program for managing Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"64","author":"Heisz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.2014-0180","article-title":"What are the benefits of exercise for Alzheimer\u2019s disease? A systematic review of the past 10 years","volume":"23","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Aging and Physical Activity"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.03.019","article-title":"The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: A meta-analysis","volume":"85","author":"Heyn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"7414","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research ed.)"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-817084-7.00036-X","article-title":"Meta-analysis","volume-title":"Basic biostatistics for medical and biomedical practitioners","author":"Hoffman","year":"2019","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0037","first-page":"51","article-title":"Physical exercise and cognitive performance in the elderly: Current perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Kirk-Sanchez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Interventions in Aging"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0070-3","article-title":"Lifestyle interventions to prevent cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer disease","volume":"14","author":"Kivipelto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2017.12.001","article-title":"Physical exercise improves strength, balance, mobility, and endurance in people with cognitive impairment and dementia: A systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Lam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2017.11.008","article-title":"Measuring physical capacity and performance in older people","volume":"31","author":"Lamb","year":"2017","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"10113","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31363-6","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care","volume":"390","author":"Livingston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement","volume":"4","author":"Moher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70136-X","article-title":"Potential for primary prevention of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: An analysis of population-based data","volume":"13","author":"Norton","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet. Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2012.08.008","article-title":"Efficacy of physical exercise intervention on mobility and physical functioning in older people with dementia: A systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Pitk\u00e4l\u00e4","year":"2013","journal-title":"Experimental Gerontology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00079-X","article-title":"Fighting dementia in Europe: the time to act is now","volume":"15","author":"Quaglio","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet. Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-091531","article-title":"Exercise plays a preventive role against Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Radak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01035.x","article-title":"Exercise program for nursing home residents with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A 1-year randomized, controlled trial","volume":"55","author":"Rolland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"10051","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0048","first-page":"1325","article-title":"Physical activity 2016: Progress and challenges","volume":"388","author":"Sallis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Progress in Physical Activity Over the Olympic Quadrennium"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0049","first-page":"417","article-title":"Effects of a multicomponent exercise program in institutionalized elders with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Sampaio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dementia (London, England)"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0050","volume-title":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","author":"Sampaio","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.6889","article-title":"Mini-Mental State Examination: Screening and diagnosis of cognitive decline, using new normative data","volume":"29","author":"Santana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Medica Portuguesa"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1037\/0000076-020","article-title":"The effects of physical activity on cognition, dementia risk, and brain health","volume-title":"APA handbook of dementia","author":"Skinner","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000020","article-title":"Validation of a new tool for the assessment of study quality and reporting in exercise training studies: TESTEX","volume":"13","author":"Smart","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181d14633","article-title":"Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: A meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"72","author":"Smith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2175","article-title":"Evaluation of a home-based exercise program in the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: The Maximizing Independence in Dementia (MIND) study","volume":"24","author":"Steinberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/52A.1.M52","article-title":"Reliability of physical performance measures in nursing home residents with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"52","author":"Tappen","year":"1997","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.12.4.538","article-title":"Effects of multicomponent training on functional fitness in older adults","volume":"12","author":"Toraman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Aging and Physical Activity"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2017.05.007","article-title":"Adherence support strategies for exercise interventions in people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: A systematic review","volume":"7","author":"van der Wardt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2011.00895.x","article-title":"A community-based exercise programme to improve functional ability in people with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Vreugdenhil","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00062-4","article-title":"Defeating Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other dementias: A priority for European science and society","volume":"15","author":"Winblad","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0061","volume-title":"Global action plan on the public health response to dementia: 2017\u20132025","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0062","volume-title":"Towards a dementia plan: A WHO guide.","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"2021111803494327800_CIT0063","volume-title":"Risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["The Gerontologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnaa091\/33487002\/gnaa091.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/61\/8\/e449\/41153661\/gnaa091.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/61\/8\/e449\/41153661\/gnaa091.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T04:16:26Z","timestamp":1637208986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article\/61\/8\/e449\/5870344"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Patricia C","family":"Heyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/gnaa091","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-9013","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-5341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]]}}}