{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T05:05:51Z","timestamp":1761541551124,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012538","name":"Swedish Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18 0760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18 0760"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012538","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2013","UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2013","UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"COMPETE-FEDER","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The FORS histo-blood group system is the most recently discovered carbohydrate-based human blood group system. FORS is a rare blood group system, and most individuals have naturally occurring anti-FORS1 antibodies in plasma. Screening for anti-FORS1 antibodies is often done by hemagglutination assays using FORS1-expressing sheep erythrocytes, since FORS1-positive human erythrocytes are most often not available. Here, we have characterized the non-acid glycosphingolipids from sheep erythrocytes and isolated subfractions, with mass spectrometry, binding of antibodies and lectins, and by enzymatic hydrolysis. This demonstrated the presence of Forssman and Galili pentaosylceramides, and a Galili heptaosylceramide. Two complex glycosphingolipids recognized by human anti-FORS1 antibodies were characterized as a Forssman neolacto hybrid hexaosylceramide (GalNAc\u03b13GalNAc\u03b23Gal\u03b24GlcNAc\u03b23Gal\u03b24Glc\u03b21Cer) and a Forssman Galili hybrid heptaosylceramide (GalNAc\u03b13GalNAc\u03b23Gal\u03b13Gal\u03b24GlcNAc\u03b23Gal\u03b24Glc\u03b21Cer). These are novel glycosphingolipid structures, and to our knowledge, the first case of an elongated Galili antigen. Thus, the anti-Forssman antibodies in human serum bind not only to the classical Forssman pentaosylceramide (GalNAc\u03b13GalNAc\u03b23Gal\u03b14Gal\u03b24Glc\u03b21Cer), but also when the GalNAc\u03b13GalNAc\u03b23 sequence is presented on a neolacto core chain and even on a Galili carbohydrate sequence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwaa032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T19:10:14Z","timestamp":1585768214000},"page":"881-894","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characterization of sheep erythrocyte glycosphingolipids recognized by human anti-Forssman antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Licinia","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Chunsheng","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Mourato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Biomedical Sciences, ESTeSC-Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Biomedical Sciences, ESTeSC-Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CNC.IBILI Consortium\/Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Biophysics Institute, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"European Association for Professions in Biomedical Sciences"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Hesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Susann","family":"Teneberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0010126","article-title":"Negative-ion electrospray mass spectrometry of neutral underivatized oligosaccharides","volume":"73","author":"Chai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal Chem."},{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01049915","article-title":"A systematic nomenclature for carbohydrate fragmentations in FAB-MS\/MS spectra of glycoconjugates","volume":"5","author":"Domon","year":"1988","journal-title":"Glycoconj J."},{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(81)80130-5","article-title":"A new way of chemical blood-typing of human single individuals. Identification of a blood group Leb-active glycosphingolipid in plasma by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy","volume":"124","author":"Falk","year":"1981","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2007.01204.x","article-title":"Synthetic glycolipid modification of red blood cell membranes","volume":"47","author":"Frame","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transfusion."},{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-2791(74)90250-X","article-title":"Structure of Forssman hapten glycosphingolipid from sheep erythrocytes","volume":"11","author":"Fraser","year":"1974","journal-title":"Immunochemistry."},{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.160.5.1519","article-title":"A unique natural human IgG antibody with anti-alpha-galactosyl specificity","volume":"160","author":"Galili","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12110","article-title":"Anti-gal: An abundant human natural antibody of multiple pathogeneses and clinical benefits","volume":"140","author":"Galili","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6215(88)80098-3","article-title":"Structure elucidation of blood group B-like and I-active ceramide eicosa- and pentacosasaccharides from rabbit erythrocyte membranes by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; electron-impact and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry; and two-dimensional correlated, relayed-coherence transfer, and nuclear Overhauser effect 500-MHz 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopy","volume":"15","author":"Hanfland","year":"1988","journal-title":"Carbohydr Res."},{"key":"2020102223103384600_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42871-8","article-title":"An alpha-D-galactosyl-binding lectin from Bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds. 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