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Supervised classification with broadband echosounder data is limited by the acquisition of validated data required to train machine learning algorithms (\u2018classifiers\u2019). We tested the hypothesis that acoustic scattering models could be used to train classifiers for remote classification of zooplankton. Three classifiers were trained with data from scattering models of four Arctic zooplankton groups (copepods, euphausiids, chaetognaths, and hydrozoans). We evaluated classifier predictions against observations of a mixed zooplankton community in a submerged purpose-built mesocosm (12 m3) insonified with broadband transmissions (185\u2013255\u00a0kHz). The mesocosm was deployed from a wharf in Ny-\u00c5lesund, Svalbard, during the Arctic polar night in January 2022. We detected 7722 tracked single targets, which were used to evaluate the classifier predictions of measured zooplankton targets. The classifiers could differentiate copepods from the other groups reasonably well, but they could not differentiate euphausiids, chaetognaths, and hydrozoans reliably due to the similarities in their modelled target spectra. We recommend that model-informed classification of zooplankton from broadband acoustic signals be used with caution until a better understanding of in situ target spectra variability is gained.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsad192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T17:18:27Z","timestamp":1701969507000},"page":"1371-1384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Model-informed classification of broadband acoustic backscatter from zooplankton in an <i>in situ<\/i> mesocosm"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4206-7460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muriel","family":"Dunn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Akvaplan-niva AS, Fram Centre , Postbox 6606, Stakkevollan, 9296 Troms\u00f8 ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Centre for Fisheries Ecosystems Research, Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John\u2019s A1C 5R3 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Science , Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1208-4793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom J","family":"Langbehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen , 5020 Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3152-4742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Fielding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council , High Cross, Cambridge CB30ET ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}]},{"given":"Andrew S","family":"Brierley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pelagic Ecology Research Group, School of Biology, Scottish Oceans Institute, Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St Andrews , St Andrews KY16 8LB ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}]},{"given":"Finlo","family":"Cottier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish Association for Marine Science , Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway , 9036 Troms\u00f8 ,","place":["Norway"]}]},{"given":"S\u00fcnnje L","family":"Basedow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway , 9036 Troms\u00f8 ,","place":["Norway"]}]},{"given":"Lionel","family":"Camus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Akvaplan-niva AS, Fram Centre , Postbox 6606, Stakkevollan, 9296 Troms\u00f8 ,","place":["Norway"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2633-5565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime","family":"Geoffroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Fisheries Ecosystems Research, Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John\u2019s A1C 5R3 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University 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