{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T01:49:23Z","timestamp":1776908963263,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Ostrowski, M., da Silva, J. C. B., and Bazik-Sangolay, B. 2009. The response of sound scatterers to El Ni\u00f1o- and La Ni\u00f1a-like oceanographic regimes in the southeastern Atlantic. \u2013 ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1063\u20131072. Oceanographic conditions off Angola alternate seasonally between upwelling in the austral winter and El Ni\u00f1o-like intrusions and downwelling in summer. During winter in regions deeper than 30 m, the water column consists of a top layer of warm, tropical water overlying cold, nutrient-rich, and hypoxic South Atlantic Central Water (SACW). Closer inshore the water becomes well mixed. In the stratified region, acoustic backscatter at 38 kHz matches the oceanographic structure. It is strong in the top layer, but declines sharply in the SACW. During summer, the water column is continuously stratified, and the SACW is absent from the shelf. The backscatter reveals multiple thin layers extending across much of the shelf. The scattering layers are often perturbed by internal waves. The combined evidence from multiple acoustic surveys and the existing synthetic-aperture radar imagery suggests that tidal internal waves are a pervasive phenomenon in Angolan waters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsp102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,4]],"date-time":"2009-05-04T20:25:00Z","timestamp":1241468700000},"page":"1063-1072","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["The response of sound scatterers to El Ni\u00f1o- and La Ni\u00f1a-like oceanographic regimes in the southeastern Atlantic"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Marek","family":"Ostrowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 C. B.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geographic Engineering, Geophysics and Energy, Institute of Oceanography, University of Lisbon, Rua Ernesto de Vasconcelos, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Bomba","family":"Bazik-Sangolay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Pesqueira, Ilha de Luanda, C.P. 2601 Luanda, Angola"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3354\/meps233001","article-title":"Occurrence and mechanisms of formation of dramatic thin layer of marine snow in shallow Pacific fjord","volume":"233","author":"Alldredge","year":"2002","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C2","first-page":"189","article-title":"Oceanic internal waves and solitons","volume-title":"Synthetic Aperture Radar Marine User\u2019s Manual","author":"Apel","year":"2004"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3354\/meps217001","article-title":"Diel horizontal migration of the Hawaiian mesopelagic boundary community observed acoustically","volume":"217","author":"Benoit-Bird","year":"2001","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C4","first-page":"473","article-title":"Les eaux froides c\u00f4ti\u00e8res du Gabon \u00e0 L\u2019Angola sont-elles dues \u00e0 un upwelling d\u2019Ekman","volume":"14","author":"Berrit","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cahiers ORSTOM, S\u00e9ries Oc\u00e9anographie"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C5","first-page":"181","article-title":"Hydroclimatologie des R\u00e9gions C\u00f4ti\u00e8res de L\u2019Angola","volume":"15","author":"Berrit","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cahiers ORSTOM, S\u00e9ries Oc\u00e9anographie"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2007.11.009","article-title":"Thin layers of plankton: formation by shear and death by diffusion","volume":"55","author":"Birch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2003.07.015","article-title":"Production regimes in four Eastern Boundary Current systems","volume":"50","author":"Carr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research II: Topical Studies in Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9587","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JC900124","article-title":"Observations of nonlinear internal waves on the outer New England continental shelf during the summer Shelfbreak Primer Study","volume":"106","author":"Colosi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24089","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JC900053","article-title":"Role of surface films in ERS SAR signatures of internal waves on the shelf. III. Mode transitions","volume":"105","author":"da Silva","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5399.188","article-title":"The generation and trapping of solitary waves over topography","volume":"283","author":"Farmer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(2004)017<2318:EOIWAC>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Evolution of interannual warm and cold events in the southeast Atlantic Ocean","volume":"17","author":"Florenchie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Climate"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C12","first-page":"69","article-title":"Calibration of acoustic instruments for fish density estimation: a practical guide","volume":"144","author":"Foote","year":"1987","journal-title":"ICES Cooperative Research Report"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1997.42.5_part_2.1297","article-title":"Spatial patterns in dense algal blooms","volume":"42","author":"Franks","year":"1997","journal-title":"Limnology and Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2989\/025776198784126719","article-title":"Intrusion of warm surface waters along the Angolan\u2013Namibian coast in February\u2013March 1995: the 1995 Benguela Ni\u00f1o","volume":"19","author":"Gammelsr\u00f8d","year":"1998","journal-title":"South African Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.49712656403","article-title":"A self-sustaining climate mode in the tropical Atlantic, 1995\u20131997: observation and modelling","volume":"126","author":"Handoh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2003.10.001","article-title":"Ocean climate of the south east Atlantic observed from satellite data and wind models","volume":"59","author":"Hardman-Mountford","year":"2003","journal-title":"Progress in Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C17","first-page":"63","article-title":"Charts of the variability of the windstress over the tropical Atlantic","volume":"26(Suppl. 2)","author":"Hellerman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0990-7440(03)00023-8","article-title":"Advances in defining fine- and micro-scale pattern in marine plankton","volume":"16","author":"Holliday","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aquatic Living Resources"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6611(02)00056-3","article-title":"The coastal ocean off Oregon and northern California during the 1997\u20138 El Ni\u00f1o","volume":"54","author":"Huyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Progress in Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1139\/f02-076","article-title":"Species identification in deep water using multiple acoustic frequencies","volume":"59","author":"Kloster","year":"2002","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C21","first-page":"164","article-title":"The Bergen echo integrator: an introduction","volume":"47","author":"Knutsen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal du Conseil International pour l\u2019Exploration de la Mer"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6611(02)00057-5","article-title":"A polewards jet and equatorwards undercurrent observed off Oregon and Northern California, during the 1997\u201398 El Ni\u00f1o","volume":"54","author":"Kosro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Progress in Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3304","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2793613","article-title":"Determining dominant scatterers of sound in mixed zooplankton populations","volume":"122","author":"Lavery","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C24","first-page":"6","article-title":"Kelvin waves activity in the eastern tropical Atlantic","author":"Lazar","year":"2006"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3354\/meps261001","article-title":"Characteristics, distribution and persistence of thin layers over a 48 hour period","volume":"261","author":"McManus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3354\/meps301199","article-title":"Effects of physical processes on structure and transport of thin zooplankton layers in the coastal ocean","volume":"301","author":"McManus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2007.10.001","article-title":"The seasonal variability of the northern Benguela undercurrent and its relation to the oxygen budget on the shelf","volume":"28","author":"Mohrholz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Continental Shelf Research"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0485(2003)033<2093:SAGOTA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Structure and generation of turbulence at interfaces strained by internal solitary waves propagating shoreward over the continental shelf","volume":"33","author":"Moum","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03936","article-title":"River plumes as a source of large-amplitude internal waves in the coastal ocean","volume":"437","author":"Nash","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C30","first-page":"32","article-title":"Impact of equatorial Kelvin waves on aggregation of sardinellas (Sardinella spp.) in Angolan waters","author":"Ostrowski","year":"2007"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0485(1983)013<0018:POTSUI>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Propagation of the seasonal upwelling in the eastern equatorial Atlantic","volume":"13","author":"Picaut","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1999.44.6.1400","article-title":"Circulation and larval fish distribution in internal tide bore warm fronts","volume":"44","author":"Pineda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Limnology and Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmarsys.2006.11.005","article-title":"Zooplankton biomass variability off Angola and Namibia investigated by a lowered ADCP and net sampling","volume":"68","author":"Postel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Marine Systems"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C34","first-page":"434","article-title":"The Dr Fridtjof Nansen Programme 1975\u20131993. Investigations of fishery resources in developing regions","author":"S\u00e6telsdal","year":"1999"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6415","DOI":"10.1029\/JC089iC04p06415","article-title":"Internal tide and ISWs on the Scotian Shelf: a nutrient pump at work","volume":"89","author":"Sandstrom","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2004.10.007","article-title":"A description of the seasonal cycle of the equatorial Atlantic from altimeter data","volume":"52","author":"Schouten","year":"2005","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research I"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-0645(98)00109-X","article-title":"The mean flow field of the tropical Atlantic Ocean","volume":"46","author":"Stramma","year":"1999","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research II"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0477(1998)079<0061:APGTWA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"A practical guide to wavelet analysis","volume":"69","author":"Torrence","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.2989\/18142320609504203","article-title":"Identification of acoustic targets off Angola using general discriminant analysis","volume":"28","author":"Vaz Velho","year":"2006","journal-title":"African Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"2019081211550606400_FSP102C40","first-page":"279","article-title":"R\u00e9vision de la Classification de Surface du Golfe de Guin\u00e9e (Berrit 1961)","volume":"15","author":"Wauthy","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cahiers ORSTOM, S\u00e9ries Oc\u00e9anographie"}],"container-title":["ICES Journal of Marine Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/icesjms\/article-pdf\/66\/6\/1063\/29134008\/fsp102.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T12:27:39Z","timestamp":1565612859000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/icesjms\/article\/66\/6\/1063\/695091"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/icesjms\/fsp102","relation":{},"ISSN":["1095-9289","1054-3139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1095-9289","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1054-3139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,3]]}}}