{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T14:00:57Z","timestamp":1777557657237,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Otero, P., Ruiz-Villarreal, M., and Peliz, \u00c1. 2009. River plume fronts off NW Iberia from satellite observations and model data. \u2013 ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1853\u20131864. River plume fronts off NW Iberia during autumn 2002 are examined based on the gradient of the mixed layer depth (MLD) in three-dimensional model data and on sea surface temperature gradients in Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) imagery. The method reveals new aspects of the dynamics of fronts in the area. The strong gradient of the MLD between the plume and the adjacent ocean serves as a physical indicator of the maximum extension of the river plume and takes into account its three-dimensional structure as well as its surface signal. Differences in the position of river plume fronts are associated with local upwelling\/downwelling conditions and their relaxation. During expansions of the plume induced by upwelling in late autumn, the shallower plume waters become colder and the thermal gradient with offshore waters increases. The model simulation also illustrates the existence of instabilities at the plume front and cross-shore variations in plume width that could induce the appearance of thermal gradients which can be resolved with AVHRR. Our simulations also show regional differences in front location, structure, and probability north (Galicia) and south (north Portugal) on the shelf, where bathymetry differs in shape and depth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsp156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,10]],"date-time":"2009-06-10T04:24:59Z","timestamp":1244607899000},"page":"1853-1864","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["River plume fronts off NW Iberia from satellite observations and model data"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Otero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Espa\u00f1ol de Oceanograf\u00eda, Paseo Mar\u00edtimo Alcalde Francisco V\u00e1zquez, 10, 15001 A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ruiz-Villarreal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Espa\u00f1ol de Oceanograf\u00eda, Paseo Mar\u00edtimo Alcalde Francisco V\u00e1zquez, 10, 15001 A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"}]},{"given":"\u00c1.","family":"Peliz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Oceanograf\u00eda, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1006\/ecss.2000.0714","article-title":"Surface waters of the NW Iberian margin: upwelling on the shelf versus outwelling of upwelled waters from the \u201cR\u00edas Baixas\u201d","volume":"51","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Salgado","year":"2000","journal-title":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3989\/scimar.2006.70s2105","article-title":"Fronts and eddies as key structures in the habitat of marine fish larvae: opportunity, adaptive response and competitive advantage","volume":"70","author":"Bakun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scientia Marina"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2007.04.018","article-title":"Sardine spawning off the European Atlantic coast: characterization of and spatio-temporal variability in spawning habitat","volume":"74","author":"Bernal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Progress in Oceanography"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icesjms.2006.03.007","article-title":"Changes in the mesozooplankton community associated with the hydrography off the northwestern Iberian Peninsula","volume":"63","author":"Blanco-Bercial","year":"2006","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-7963(02)00187-2","article-title":"Intrusions of eastern North Atlantic central waters and phytoplankton in the north and northwestern Iberian shelf during spring","volume":"36","author":"Bode","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Marine Systems"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmarsys.2007.05.013","article-title":"Mesozooplankton species distribution in the NW and N Iberian shelf during spring 2004: relationship with frontal structures","volume":"72","author":"Cabal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Marine Systems"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C07017","DOI":"10.1029\/2007JC004241","article-title":"Cross-shelf transport of freshwater on the New Jersey shelf","volume":"113","author":"Castelao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C09026","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JC003541","article-title":"Sea surface temperature fronts in the California Current System from geostationary satellite observations","volume":"111","author":"Castelao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0426(1992)009<0067:EDAFSI>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Edge detection algorithm for SST images","volume":"9","author":"Cayula","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0426(1995)012<0821:MIEDFS>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Multiimage edge detection for SST images","volume":"12","author":"Cayula","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology"},{"key":"2019081211472232800_FSP156C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3354\/meps257303","article-title":"Are sardine larvae caught off northern Portugal in winter starving? 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