{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T13:55:10Z","timestamp":1764078910340},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Petursdottir, H., Falk-Petersen, S., and Gislason, A. 2012. Trophic interactions of meso- and macrozooplankton and fish in the Iceland Sea as evaluated by fatty acid and stable isotope analysis. \u2013 ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: . A trophic study was carried out in August of 2007 and 2008 on the pelagic ecosystem in the Subarctic Iceland Sea. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and fatty acid biomarkers were used to study trophic linkages and the trophic ecology of the most important pelagic species in this ecosystem, with emphasis on capelin (Mallotus villosus). According to 15N enrichment results, there are 3\u20134 trophic levels in this ecosystem excluding organisms of the microbial loop and birds and mammals. The primarily herbivorous copepod Calanus hyperboreus occupies the lowest trophic level of the animal species studied, and adult capelin and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) occupy the highest level. Calanus spp. proved to be an important dietary component of most of the species studied, the euphausiid species Thysanoessa inermis and T. longicaudata being exceptions. The chaetognath Eukrohnia hamata is a pure carnivore, feeding heavily on Calanus spp., whereas most of the other zooplankton species studied practice an omnivorous\u2013carnivorous feeding mode. The amphipod species Themisto libellula is important in the diet of adult capelin. Adult capelin and blue whiting share the same feeding habits and could therefore be competing for food.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fss125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,21]],"date-time":"2012-08-21T16:39:46Z","timestamp":1345567186000},"page":"1277-1288","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Trophic interactions of meso- and macrozooplankton and fish in the Iceland Sea as evaluated by fatty acid and stable isotope analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Hildur","family":"Petursdottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Research Institute, Sk\u00falagata 4, PO Box 1390, Reykjav\u00edk, Iceland"}]},{"given":"Stig","family":"Falk-Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Polar Institute, Troms\u00f8 N-9296, Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Troms\u00f8, Troms\u00f8, Norway"}]},{"given":"Astthor","family":"Gislason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Research Institute, Sk\u00falagata 4, PO Box 1390, Reykjav\u00edk, Iceland"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C1","first-page":"182 pp","volume-title":"Nytjastofnar sj\u00e1var 2004\/2005, aflahorfur fiskvei\u00f0i\u00e1ri\u00f0 2005\/2006 [State of marine fish stocks in Icelandic waters 2004\/2005, prospects for the quota year 2005\/2006]","author":"Anon","year":"2005"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C2","first-page":"40 pp","volume-title":"\u00de\u00e6ttir \u00far vistfr\u00e6\u00f0i sj\u00e1var 2007 [Environmental conditions in Icelandic waters 2007]","author":"Anon","year":"2007"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C3","first-page":"40 pp","volume-title":"Vistkerfi Islandshafs [Ecosystem structure in the Iceland Sea]","author":"Anon","year":"2012"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/00364827.1997.10413641","article-title":"On the food of capelin in the Subarctic waters north of Iceland","volume":"82","author":"Astthorsson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sarsia"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2007.07.030","article-title":"Climate variability and the Icelandic marine ecosystem","volume":"54","author":"Astthorsson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research II"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C6","first-page":"11","article-title":"The Nordic Seas: main oceanographic features","volume-title":"The Nordic Seas: an Integrated Perspective","author":"Blindheim","year":"2005"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C7","first-page":"341","article-title":"Life in cold water: the physiological ecology of polar marine ectotherms","volume":"21","author":"Clarke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Oceanography and Marine Biology"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3354\/meps256257","article-title":"Lipids and stable isotopes in common eider, black-legged kittiwake and northern fulmar: a trophic study from an Arctic fjord","volume":"256","author":"Dahl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/00364827.1998.10413676","article-title":"Summer distribution patterns and biomass estimates of macrozooplankton and micronecton in the Nordic seas","volume":"83","author":"Dalpadado","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sarsia"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2881(03)46005-7","article-title":"Fatty acid trophic markers in the pelagic marine environment","volume":"46","author":"Dalsgaard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Advances in Marine Biology"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(78)90199-0","article-title":"Influence of diet on distribution of carbon isotopes in animals","volume":"42","author":"DeNiro","year":"1978","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(81)90244-1","article-title":"Influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals","volume":"45","author":"DeNiro","year":"1981","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2019081301153541800_FSS125C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0981(81)90065-4","article-title":"Ecological investigations on the zooplankton community in Balsfjorden, northern Norway: seasonal changes in body weight and the main biochemical composition of Thysanoessa inermis (Kr\u00f8yer), T. raschii (M. 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