{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T19:23:36Z","timestamp":1769282616090,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Ferter, K., Weltersbach, M. S., Strehlow, H. V., V\u00f8lstad, J. H., Al\u00f3s, J., Arlinghaus, R., Armstrong, M., Dorow, M., de Graaf, M., van der Hammen, T., Hyder, K., Levrel, H., Paulrud, A., Radtke, K., Rocklin, D., Sparrevohn, C. R., and Veiga, P. 2013. Unexpectedly high catch-and-release rates in European marine recreational fisheries: implications for science and management. \u2013 ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 1319\u20131329. While catch-and-release (C&amp;R) is a well-known practice in several European freshwater recreational fisheries, studies on the magnitude and impact of this practice in European marine recreational fisheries are limited. To provide an overview of the practice and magnitude of C&amp;R among marine recreational anglers in Europe, the existing knowledge of C&amp;R and its potential associated release mortality was collected and summarized. The present study revealed that in several European countries over half of the total recreational catch is released by marine anglers. High release proportions of &gt;60% were found for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), pollack (Pollachius pollachius), and sea trout (Salmo trutta) in at least one of the studied European countries. In the case of the German recreational Baltic Sea cod fishery, release proportions varied considerably between years, presumably tracking a strong year class of undersized fish. Reasons for release varied between countries and species, and included legal restrictions (e.g. minimum landing sizes and daily bag limits) and voluntary C&amp;R. Considering the magnitude of C&amp;R practice among European marine recreational anglers, post-release mortalities of released fish may need to be accounted for in estimated fishing mortalities. However, as the survival rates of European marine species are mostly unknown, there is a need to conduct post-release survival studies and to identify factors affecting post-release survival. Such studies could also assist in developing species-specific, best-practice guidelines to minimize the impacts of C&amp;R on released marine fish in Europe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fst104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,22]],"date-time":"2013-07-22T21:30:41Z","timestamp":1374528641000},"page":"1319-1329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Unexpectedly high catch-and-release rates in European marine recreational fisheries: implications for science and management"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Keno","family":"Ferter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bergen, Department of Biology, PO Box 7803, N-5020 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research, Fisheries Dynamics, PO Box 1870, N-5817 Bergen, Norway"}]},{"given":"Marc Simon","family":"Weltersbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Th\u00fcnen-Institute of Baltic Sea Fisheries (TI-OF), Alter Hafen S\u00fcd 2, 18069 Rostock, Germany"}]},{"given":"Harry Vincent","family":"Strehlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Th\u00fcnen-Institute of Baltic Sea Fisheries (TI-OF), Alter Hafen S\u00fcd 2, 18069 Rostock, Germany"}]},{"given":"Jon Helge","family":"V\u00f8lstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Marine Research, Fisheries Dynamics, PO Box 1870, N-5817 Bergen, Norway"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Al\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Mediterr\u00e1neo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C\/Miquel Marqu\u00e9s 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Arlinghaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, M\u00fcggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Chair of Integrative Fisheries Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK"}]},{"given":"Malte","family":"Dorow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Centre for Agriculture and Fishery Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Institute for Fisheries, Fischerweg 408, 18069 Rostock, Germany"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"de Graaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMARES Wageningen UR, Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies, PO Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Tessa","family":"van der Hammen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMARES Wageningen UR, Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies, PO Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Kieran","family":"Hyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Levrel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ifremer, UMR AMURE, Unit\u00e9 d'Economie Maritime, BP 70, F-29280 Plouzan\u00e9 Cedex, France"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Paulrud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Agency for Marine and Water management, PO Box 11 930, 40439 Gothenburg, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Radtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ko\u0142\u0142\u0105taja St 1,81-332 Gdynia, Poland"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Rocklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Brest, UMR AMURE, IUEM, 12 rue du Kergoat, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France"}]},{"given":"Claus Reedtz","family":"Sparrevohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danmarks Pelagiske Producentorganisation, HC Andersens Boulevard 37.1, 1553 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Jaegersborg All\u00e9 1, 2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), FCT-7, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02471957","article-title":"Consumptive orientation of anglers in Engerdal, Norway","volume":"19","author":"Aas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environmental Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470995402.ch7","article-title":"Controversy over catch-and-release recreational fishing in Europe","volume-title":"In Recreational Fisheries: Ecological, Economic and Social Evaluation","author":"Aas","year":"2002"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C3","first-page":"29","article-title":"Mortality of lingcod, Ophiodon elongatus, related to capture by hook and line","volume":"60","author":"Albin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Marine Fisheries Review"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsn151","article-title":"Influence of anatomical hooking depth, capture depth, and venting on mortality of painted comber (Serranus scriba) released by recreational anglers","volume":"65","author":"Al\u00f3s","year":"2008","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2009.03.003","article-title":"The influence of type of natural bait on fish catches and hooking location in a mixed-species marine recreational fishery, with implications for management","volume":"97","author":"Al\u00f3s","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fisheries Research"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2400.2009.00675.x","article-title":"Mortality of Diplodus annularis and Lithognathus mormyrus released by recreational anglers: implications for recreational fisheries management","volume":"16","author":"Al\u00f3s","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fisheries Management and Ecology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0426.2009.01272.x","article-title":"Performance of circle hooks in a mixed-species recreational fishery","volume":"25","author":"Al\u00f3s","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2400.2007.00537.x","article-title":"Voluntary catch and release can generate conflict within the recreational angling community: a qualitative case study of specialised carp","volume":"14","author":"Arlinghaus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cyprinus carpio, angling in Germany. Fisheries Management and Ecology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444303179.ch3","article-title":"Recreational fisheries: socioeconomic importance, conservation issues and management challenges","volume-title":"In Recreational Hunting, Conservation and Rural Livelihoods: Science and Practice","author":"Arlinghaus","year":"2009"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2400.2009.00696.x","article-title":"Providing context to the global code of practice for recreational fisheries","volume":"17","author":"Arlinghaus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fisheries Management and Ecology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/10641260601149432","article-title":"Understanding the complexity of catch-and-release in recreational fishing: an integrative synthesis of global knowledge from historical, ethical, social, and biological perspectives","volume":"15","author":"Arlinghaus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reviews in Fisheries Science"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1080\/03632415.2012.666472","article-title":"A primer on anti-angling philosophy and its relevance for recreational fisheries in urbanized societies","volume":"37","author":"Arlinghaus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fisheries"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-005-2175-1","article-title":"A review of catch-and-release angling mortality with implications for no-take reserves","volume":"15","author":"Bartholomew","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1139\/f95-029","article-title":"Effects of late-season catch and release angling on anaerobic metabolism, acid\u2013base status, survival, and gamete viability in wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","volume":"52","author":"Booth","year":"1995","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Marine fishing tourism in Norway: structure and economic effects","volume":"21","author":"Borch","year":"2011","journal-title":"\u00d8konomisk Fiskeriforskning"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8659(1979)108<67:MOEDSO>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Mortality of experimentally descaled smolts of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in fresh and salt water","volume":"108","author":"Bouck","year":"1979","journal-title":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2010.01.007","article-title":"An improved technique for estimating short-term survival of released line-caught fish, and an application comparing barotrauma-relief methods in red emperor (Lutjanus sebae Cuvier 1816)","volume":"385","author":"Brown","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C17","article-title":"Council Regulation (EC) No. 1639\/2001 of 25 July 2001 establishing the minimum and extended Community programmes for the collection of data in the fisheries sector and laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No. 1543\/2000","author":"CEC","year":"2001"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C18","article-title":"Commission Decision of 6 November 2008 adopting a multiannual Community programme pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No. 199\/2008 establishing a Community framework for the collection, management and use of data in the fisheries sector and support for scientific advice regarding the common fisheries policy (2008\/949\/EC)","author":"CEC","year":"2008"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C19","article-title":"Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1224\/2009 of 20 November 2009 establishing a Community control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy, amending Regulations (EC) No. 847\/96, (EC) No. 2371\/2002, (EC) No. 811\/2004, (EC) No. 768\/2005, (EC) No. 2115\/2005, (EC) No. 2166\/2005, (EC) No. 388\/2006, (EC) No. 509\/2007, (EC) No. 676\/2007, (EC) No. 1098\/2007, (EC) No. 1300\/2008, (EC) No. 1342\/2008 and repealing Regulations (EEC) No. 2847\/93, (EC) No. 1627\/94 and (EC) No. 1966\/2006","author":"CEC","year":"2009"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8659(1983)3<306:PEOVCA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Potential effects of voluntary catch and release of fish on recreational fisheries","volume":"3","author":"Clark","year":"1983","journal-title":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2679.2007.00247.x","article-title":"Effects of cryptic mortality and the hidden costs of using length limits in fishery management","volume":"8","author":"Coggins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fish and Fisheries"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1100397","article-title":"The impact of United States recreational fisheries on marine fish populations","volume":"305","author":"Coleman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8675(1999)019<0828:SBDIBS>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Swim bladder deflation in black sea bass and vermilion snapper: potential for increasing postrelease survival","volume":"19","author":"Collins","year":"1999","journal-title":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8659(1995)124<0413:UOADTE>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Use of angler diaries to examine biases associated with 12-month recall on mail questionnaires","volume":"124","author":"Connelly","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C25","first-page":"857","article-title":"The role of recreational fishing in global fish crises. BioScience","volume":"54","author":"Cooke","year":"2004"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocecoaman.2006.03.003","article-title":"Is catch-and-release recreational angling compatible with no-take marine protected areas?","volume":"49","author":"Cooke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ocean & Coastal Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.614","article-title":"Are circle hooks an effective tool for conserving marine and freshwater recreational catch-and-release fisheries?","volume":"14","author":"Cooke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-004-7845-0","article-title":"Do we need species-specific guidelines for catch-and-release recreational angling to effectively conserve diverse fishery resources?","volume":"14","author":"Cooke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biodiversity and Conservation"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-6078-6_7","article-title":"The fate of fish released by recreational anglers","volume-title":"In By-catch Reduction in the World's Fisheries","author":"Cooke","year":"2007"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2005.10.002","article-title":"Noncoverage and nonresponse in an internet survey","volume":"36","author":"Couper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Social Science Research"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1139\/f02-139","article-title":"Key principles for understanding fish bycatch discard mortality","volume":"59","author":"Davis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8659(1996)125<0300:MOSBHA>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Mortality of striped bass hooked and released in salt water","volume":"125","author":"Diodati","year":"1996","journal-title":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C33","first-page":"319","article-title":"A telephone-diary-mail approach to survey recreational fisheries on large geographic scales, with a note on annual landings estimates by anglers in northern Germany","volume-title":"In The Angler in the Environment: Social, Economic, Biological and Ethical Dimensions","author":"Dorow","year":"2011"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C34","first-page":"110","article-title":"Catch-and-release mortality studies of spotted seatrout and red drum in coastal Alabama","volume-title":"In Catch and Release in Marine Recreational Fisheries","author":"Duffy","year":"2002"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1577\/M04-020.1","article-title":"Angler opinion of potential bluegill regulations on Illinois lakes: effects of angler demographics and bluegill population size structure","volume":"26","author":"Edison","year":"2006","journal-title":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C36","article-title":"Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Common Fisheries Policy \u2013 General approach","author":"European Council","year":"2012"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C37","first-page":"176","article-title":"Recreational fisheries. FAO Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fisheries, No. 13","author":"FAO","year":"2012"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2400.2012.00862.x","article-title":"Angler behaviour and implications for management \u2013 catch-and-release among marine angling tourists in Norway","volume":"20","author":"Ferter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fisheries Management and Ecology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/152582202237725","article-title":"Advantages and disadvantages of internet research surveys: evidence from the literature","volume":"14","author":"Fricker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1080\/10871209.2011.571750","article-title":"Recreation participation and conservation attitudes: differences between mail and online respondents in a mixed-mode survey","volume":"16","author":"Graefe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2010.03.017","article-title":"Impact of catch-and-release practices on behavior and mortality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) kelts","volume":"105","author":"Halttunen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fisheries Research"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C42","first-page":"1976","article-title":"Recreational fisheries in Biscayne National Park, Florida","volume":"62: 8\u201326","author":"Harper","year":"2000","journal-title":"Marine Fisheries Review"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocecoaman.2013.02.026","article-title":"The nationwide assessment of marine recreational fishing: a French example","volume":"78","author":"Herfaut","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ocean & Coastal Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C44","first-page":"141","article-title":"Determinants of hooking mortality in freshwater recreational fisheries: a quantitative meta-analysis","volume-title":"In The Angler in the Environment: Social, Economic, Biological and Ethical Dimensions. Proceedings from the Fifth World Recreational Fishing Conference","author":"H\u00fchn","year":"2011"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C45","article-title":"Report of the Study Group on Practical Implementation of Discard Sampling Plans (SGPIDS), 27 June \u2013 1 July 2011, ICES, Denmark","author":"ICES","year":"2011"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C46","article-title":"Report of the Working Group on Recreational Fisheries Surveys (WGRFS), 7\u201311 May 2012, Esporles, Spain","author":"ICES","year":"2012"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C47","article-title":"Report of the Second Workshop on Practical Implementation of Statistical Sound Catch Sampling Programmes. 6\u20139 November 2012, ICES, Denmark","author":"ICES","year":"2013"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2010.08.013","article-title":"Does catch-and-release angling alter the migratory behaviour of Atlantic salmon?","volume":"106","author":"Jensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fisheries Research"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1080\/03632415.2012.731878","article-title":"Importance of assessing population-level impact of catch-and-release mortality","volume":"37","author":"Kerns","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fisheries"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1080\/10641260600886455","article-title":"Documented and potential biological impacts of recreational fishing: insights for management and conservation","volume":"14","author":"Lewin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reviews in Fisheries Science"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2400.2012.00868.x","article-title":"A comparative analysis between recreational and artisanal fisheries in a Mediterranean coastal area","volume":"20","author":"Lloret","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fisheries Management and Ecology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1071\/PC020040","article-title":"Swallowing the bait: is recreational fishing in Australia ecologically sustainable?","volume":"8","author":"McPhee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pacific Conservation Biology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1051\/alr:1996024","article-title":"When discards survive: accounting for survival of discards in fisheries assessments","volume":"9","author":"Mesnil","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aquatic Living Resources"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C54","article-title":"Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; reef fish fishery and shrimp fishery of the Gulf of Mexico","author":"National Marine Fisheries Service","year":"2008"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C55","first-page":"202","article-title":"Review of Recreational Fisheries Survey Methods","author":"National Research Council","year":"2006"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1080\/01490400600745886","article-title":"Using recreation specialization to understand multi-attribute management preferences","volume":"28","author":"Oh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Leisure Sciences"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2007.07.001","article-title":"The definition of marine recreational fishing in Europe","volume":"32","author":"Pawson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Marine Policy"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-006-0173-2","article-title":"Do catch-and-release guidelines from state and provincial fisheries agencies in North America conform to scientifically based best practices?","volume":"39","author":"Pelletier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environmental Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C59","first-page":"47","article-title":"An appraisal of the UK bass fishery and its management","author":"Pickett","year":"1995","journal-title":"Laboratory Leaflet 75, MAFF, Directorate of Fisheries Research, Lowestoft"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470995402.ch6","article-title":"Catch-and-release recreational fishing: a historical perspective","volume-title":"In Recreational Fisheries: Ecological, Economic, and Social Evaluation","author":"Policansky","year":"2002"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470697597.ch11","article-title":"Trends and developments in catch and release","volume-title":"In Global Challenges in Recreational Fisheries","author":"Policansky","year":"2008"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C62","first-page":"371","article-title":"Angler Survey Methods and Their Applications in Fisheries Management","author":"Pollock","year":"1994"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-597X(03)00024-1","article-title":"Important factors influencing rule compliance in fisheries lessons from Denmark","volume":"27","author":"Raakj\u00e6r Nielsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Marine Policy"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C64","author":"Rocklin","year":"2012"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C65","first-page":"235","article-title":"Fishing culture, animal policy, and new governance: a case study of voluntary catch-and-release fishing in Finland","volume":"75","author":"Salmi","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Fisheries Society Symposium"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2012.01.019","article-title":"Spatial distribution and zoning compliance of recreational fishing in Ningaloo Marine Park, north-western Australia","volume":"125","author":"Smallwood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fisheries Research"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/fme.12003","article-title":"Estimating recreational harvest using interview-based recall survey: implication of recalling in weight or numbers","volume":"20","author":"Sparrevohn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fisheries Management and Ecology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fss005","article-title":"Using interview-based recall surveys to estimate cod Gadus morhua and eel Anguilla anguilla harvest in Danish recreational fishing","volume":"69","author":"Sparrevohn","year":"2012","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fss152","article-title":"Cod catches taken by the German recreational fishery in the western Baltic Sea, 2005\u20132010: implications for stock assessment and management","volume":"69","author":"Strehlow","year":"2012","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8675(2002)022<1053:IAHOWP>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Illegal angling harvest of walleyes protected by length limits in Alberta","volume":"22","author":"Sullivan","year":"2002","journal-title":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8675(2003)023<0573:EOWCBA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Exaggeration of walleye catches by Alberta anglers","volume":"23","author":"Sullivan","year":"2003","journal-title":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1080\/01490409309513202","article-title":"Digit preference, recall bias, and nonresponse bias in self reports of angling participation","volume":"15","author":"Tarrant","year":"1993","journal-title":"Leisure Sciences"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8675(1993)013<0217:EORBAN>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Effects of recall bias and nonresponse bias on self-report estimates of angling participation","volume":"13","author":"Tarrant","year":"1993","journal-title":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-7836(02)00176-5","article-title":"Effects of hook and release on Atlantic salmon in the river Alta, Northern Norway","volume":"60","author":"Thorstad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fisheries Research"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2007.02.010","article-title":"Long-term effects of catch-and-release angling on ascending Atlantic salmon during different stages of spawning migration","volume":"85","author":"Thorstad","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fisheries Research"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C76","article-title":"Recreational fishery in the Netherlands: catch estimates of cod (Gadus morhua) and eel (Anguilla anguilla) in 2010","author":"van der Hammen","year":"2012"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2010.11.021","article-title":"Short-term hooking mortality of three marine fish species (Sparidae) caught by recreational angling in the south Portugal","volume":"108","author":"Veiga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fisheries Research"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2012.12.037","article-title":"From a traditionally open access fishery to modern restrictions: Portuguese anglers' perceptions about newly implemented recreational fishing regulations","volume":"40","author":"Veiga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Marine Policy"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2010.02665.x","article-title":"Quantifying recreational shore angling catch and harvest in southern Portugal (north-east Atlantic Ocean): implications for conservation and integrated fisheries management","volume":"76","author":"Veiga","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Biology"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsr077","article-title":"Probability-based surveying using self-sampling to estimate catch and effort in Norway's coastal tourist fishery","volume":"68","author":"V\u00f8lstad","year":"2011","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fst038","article-title":"Dead or alive \u2013 estimating post-release mortality of Atlantic cod in the recreational fishery","volume":"70","author":"Weltersbach","year":"2013","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"2019081301353736800_FST104C82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8446-34.1.20","article-title":"Does venting promote survival of released fish?","volume":"34","author":"Wilde","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fisheries"}],"container-title":["ICES Journal of Marine Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/icesjms\/article-pdf\/70\/7\/1319\/29145487\/fst104.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]],"date-time":"2019-08-13T01:36:03Z","timestamp":1565660163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/icesjms\/article\/70\/7\/1319\/609574"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,21]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/icesjms\/fst104","relation":{},"ISSN":["1095-9289","1054-3139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1095-9289","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1054-3139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,21]]}}}