{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T21:58:12Z","timestamp":1771019892451,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP210102076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP210102076"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Australian Medical Research Future Fund","award":["2015916"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015916"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Model-estimated air pollution exposure products have been widely used in epidemiological studies to assess the health risks of particulate matter with diameters of \u22642.5\u2009\u00b5m (PM2.5). However, few studies have assessed the disparities in health effects between model-estimated and station-observed PM2.5 exposures.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We collected daily all-cause, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality data in 347 cities across 15 countries and regions worldwide based on the Multi-City Multi-Country collaborative research network. The station-observed PM2.5 data were obtained from official monitoring stations. The model-estimated global PM2.5 product was developed using a machine-learning approach. The associations between daily exposure to PM2.5 and mortality were evaluated using a two-stage analytical approach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included 15.8 million all-cause, 1.5 million respiratory and 4.5 million cardiovascular deaths from 2000 to 2018. Short-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with a relative risk increase (RRI) of mortality from both station-observed and model-estimated exposures. Every 10-\u03bcg\/m3 increase in the 2-day moving average PM2.5 was associated with overall RRIs of 0.67% (95% CI: 0.49 to 0.85), 0.68% (95% CI: \u20130.03 to 1.39) and 0.45% (95% CI: 0.08 to 0.82) for all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality based on station-observed PM2.5 and RRIs of 0.87% (95% CI: 0.68 to 1.06), 0.81% (95% CI: 0.08 to 1.55) and 0.71% (95% CI: 0.32 to 1.09) based on model-estimated exposure, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mortality risks associated with daily PM2.5 exposure were consistent for both station-observed and model-estimated exposures, suggesting the reliability and potential applicability of the global PM2.5 product in epidemiological studies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyae066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T05:48:43Z","timestamp":1715320123000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ambient fine particulate matter and daily mortality: a comparative analysis of observed and estimated exposure in 347 cities"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4733-8610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhua","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Wenzhong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2271-3568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Gasparrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , London, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8890-6848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Sera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications \u2018G. Parenti\u2019, University of Florence , Florence, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen\u2014German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) , Neuherberg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Breitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen\u2014German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) , Neuherberg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kysel\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Climatology, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Madureira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Dr Ricardo Jorge , Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7626-4991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia","family":"Gaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Dr Ricardo Jorge , Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Yue Leon","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) College of Medicine and NTU Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes , Miaoli, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, NTU College of Public Health , Taipei, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1906-8614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongbin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Gongbo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Zhengyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Zanobetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1871-8999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haidong","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University , Shanghai, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8031-9086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiangning","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash 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