{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T05:24:12Z","timestamp":1771737852795,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020","award":["828774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["828774"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"ARC","award":["FT150100398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT150100398"]}]},{"name":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide & Protein Science","award":["CE200100012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CE200100012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Infections caused by bacterial biofilms are very difficult to treat. The use of currently approved antibiotics even at high dosages often fails, making the treatment of these infections very challenging. Novel antimicrobial agents that use distinct mechanisms of action are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To explore the use of [G1K,K8R]cGm, a designed cyclic analogue of the antimicrobial peptide gomesin, as an alternative approach to treat biofilm infections.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We studied the activity of [G1K,K8R]cGm against biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogen associated with several biofilm-related infections. A combination of atomic force and real-time confocal laser scanning microscopies was used to study the mechanism of action of the peptide.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The peptide demonstrated potent activity against 24\u2005h-preformed biofilms through a concentration-dependent ability to kill biofilm-embedded cells. Mechanistic studies showed that [G1K,K8R]cGm causes morphological changes on bacterial cells and permeabilizes their membranes across the biofilm with a half-time of 65\u2005min. We also tested an analogue of [G1K,K8R]cGm without disulphide bonds, and a linear unfolded analogue, and found both to be inactive.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results suggest that the 3D structure of [G1K,K8R]cGm and its stabilization by disulphide bonds are essential for its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. Moreover, our findings support the potential application of this stable cyclic antimicrobial peptide to fight bacterial biofilms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkac309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T05:28:01Z","timestamp":1664429281000},"page":"3256-3264","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A designed cyclic analogue of gomesin has potent activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> biofilms"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Susana A","family":"Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Prof. Egas Moniz 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sandra N","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa , Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB \u2014 Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana S","family":"Silva-Herdade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Prof. Egas Moniz 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Cheneval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD, 4072 Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0007-6796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J","family":"Craik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD, 4072 Australia"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa , Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB \u2014 Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa , Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa , Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Miguel A R B","family":"Castanho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Prof. Egas Moniz 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00f3nia T","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD, 4072 Australia"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science , Brisbane, QLD, 4102 Australia"}]},{"given":"Ana Salom\u00e9","family":"Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. 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