{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T05:30:26Z","timestamp":1776922226055,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NOVA-Comprehensive Health Research Centre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance is driven by inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing. The National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey (NAPS) is an Australian-developed auditing platform to assist in the assessments of antimicrobial quality by antimicrobial stewardship programmes using consensus-based definitions. The NAPS has demonstrated to be transferable to other countries. Its adaptation to Portugal could improve knowledge about the quality of antimicrobial prescribing in the country.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Australian Hospital NAPS appropriateness assessment definitions of antimicrobial prescribing for Portugal.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>International recommendations on translation and adaptation of instruments were followed. Two panels of experts participated in the process, using Zoom\u00ae for discussions and interviews, and Google Forms\u00ae for assessing vignettes. A native English-speaking person proficient in Portuguese conducted the back-translation. SPSS v.28 and Excel\u00ae were used for validity calculation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Portuguese version was well accepted, its implementation being perceived as desirable and feasible by the experts. Validation process showed a Fleiss\u2019 \u03ba score of 0.483 (95% CI, 0.415\u20130.551, P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0.005) for appropriateness, and an average agreement with the Australian NAPS team of 0.8 and 0.9, respectively, for appropriateness and reasons for inappropriateness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Portuguese version of the Australian Hospital NAPS appropriateness assessment definitions of antimicrobial prescribing, the first to be translated from English, was deemed non-inferior to the original, was well accepted, considered to be desirable and feasible, and could inspire other countries, particularly other Portuguese-speaking countries, to adapt and validate them in their own contexts, reinforcing the possibility of transferring NAPS use beyond Australia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T10:20:54Z","timestamp":1721125254000},"page":"2281-2291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cultivating global antimicrobial stewardship: linguistic and cultural validation of the Australian National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey appropriateness assessment definitions for Portugal"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9375-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C","family":"Palos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre; Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon , Lisbon , Portugal"},{"name":"Grupo Luz Sa\u00fade , Lisbon , Portugal"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Ierano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Royal Melbourne Hospital Guidance Group, Melbourne Health , Melbourne , Australia"}]},{"given":"M J D","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISCTE-Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Estudos de Sociologia , Lisbon , Portugal"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Leit\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade Local PPCIRA, Hospital Beatriz \u00c2ngelo, Cl\u00ednica Universit\u00e1ria de Doen\u00e7as Infeciosas e Parasit\u00e1rias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre; Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon , Lisbon , Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1425-029X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Royal Melbourne Hospital Guidance Group, Melbourne Health , Melbourne , Australia"}]},{"given":"J A","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Thursky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Royal Melbourne Hospital Guidance Group, Melbourne Health , Melbourne , Australia"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre; 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