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This study investigated the impact of SCFAs on A. butzleri\u2019s survival and virulence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eight A. butzleri isolates were assessed under varying concentrations of individual SCFAs and mixtures (m-SCFAs). Higher SCFAs concentrations inhibited bacterial growth in a strain-dependent manner. Transcript analysis of putative virulence genes revealed upregulation of ciaB and flaA across most m-SCFAs concentrations, while luxS expression increased at 90\u00a0mM. SCFAs generally reduced bacterial motility, with sodium propionate reducing motility but enhancing biofilm-forming ability in the model strain. Additionally, SCFAs exposure decreased the ability of A. butzleri to adhere to and invade the Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell line. Whole-genome sequencing of the eight A. butzleri isolates revealed extensive genetic diversity, particularly in virulence- and stress-associated genes, although consistent genotype\/phenotype correlations were not observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altogether, these findings demonstrate that SCFAs modulate A. butzleri survival and virulence, providing novel insights into their significance in shaping pathogen behaviour and host-pathogen interactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxaf303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:12:34Z","timestamp":1765545154000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The influence of short-chain fatty acids on the survival and virulence of\n                    <i>Arcobacter butzleri<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"In\u00eas M","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Beira Interior RISE-Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, , 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3 ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Beira Interior RISE-Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, , 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3 ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Beira Interior RISE-Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, , 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3 ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Beira Interior RISE-Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, , 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3 ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Manageiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, , 1649-016 Lisbon ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, University of Porto , 4050-053 Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"AL4AnimalS, Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences , 4050-053 Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Oleastro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge National Reference Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, , 1649-016 Lisbon 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