{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T15:12:57Z","timestamp":1774278777930,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia under the Partnership","award":["UIDB 50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB 50006\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The citrus industry has grown exponentially as a result of increasing demand on its consumption, giving it high standing among other fruit crops. Therefore, the citrus sector seeks rapid, easy, and non-destructive approaches to evaluate in real time and in situ the external and internal changes in physical and nutritional quality at any stage of fruit development or storage. In particular, vitamin C is among the most important micronutrients for consumers, but its measurement relies on laborious analytical methodologies. In this study, a portable near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensor was used in combination with chemometrics to develop robust and accurate models to study the ripeness of several citrus fruits (oranges, lemons, clementines, tangerines, and Tahiti limes) and their vitamin C content. Ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, and total vitamin C were determined by HILIC-HPLC-UV, while soluble solids and total acidity were evaluated by standard analytical procedures. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to build regression models which revealed suitable performance regarding the prediction of quality and ripeness parameters in all tested fruits. Models for ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, total vitamin C, soluble solids, total acidity, and juiciness showed Rcv2 = 0.77\u20130.87, Rcv2 = 0.29\u20130.79, Rcv2 = 0.77\u20130.86, Rcv2 = 0.75\u20130.97, Rcv2 = 0.24\u20130.92, and Rcv2 = 0.38\u20130.75, respectively. Prediction models of oranges and Tahiti limes showed good to excellent performance regarding all tested conditions. The resulting models confirmed that NIRS technology is a time- and cost-effective approach for predicting citrus fruit quality, which can easily be used by the various stakeholders from the citrus industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoacint\/qsaa115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T19:14:36Z","timestamp":1598037276000},"page":"61-67","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Non-Destructive Measurement of the Internal Quality of Citrus Fruits Using a Portable NIR Device"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Carla S P","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo, Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rebeca","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo, Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diogo B","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tellspec LTD, 83 Cambridge Street, London SW1 4PS, UK"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Instrumenta\u00e7\u00e3o e Part\u00edculas, Av. Professor Gama Pinto 2, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Queir\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tellspec LTD, 83 Cambridge Street, London SW1 4PS, UK"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Bloore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tellspec LTD, 83 Cambridge Street, London SW1 4PS, UK"}]},{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Kov\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo, Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Physics and Control, Faculty of Food Science, Szent Istv\u00e1n University, Soml\u00f3i \u00fat 14-16, Budapest H-1118, Hungary"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tellspec LTD, 83 Cambridge Street, London SW1 4PS, UK"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Casal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo, Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021071316315587800_qsaa115-B1","first-page":"66","volume-title":"FAO Citrus Fruit, Fresh and Processed Statistical Bulletin 2016","year":"2017"},{"key":"2021071316315587800_qsaa115-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-4337.2012.00201.x","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr. 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