{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T19:56:34Z","timestamp":1778097394594,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021.09461.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021.09461.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022.15408.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022.15408.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidia are emerging pathogens infecting a wide range of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, known to have zoonotic features since they infect both wild and domestic animals, and humans. Despite their significance, there is very limited epidemiological data on microsporidia in hedgehogs, especially European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) and long-eared hedgehogs (Hemiechinus auritus), the former known as synantropic hedgehogs, and the latter suited as pets. As such, the present study aimed to assess the presence of E. bieneusi in hedgehogs from Portugal. For this purpose, fecal samples from 110 hedgehogs of three species\u2014E. europaeus (n\u00a0=\u00a0106), H. auritus (n\u00a0=\u00a01), and Atelerix albiventris (n\u00a0=\u00a03)\u2014were collected and tested for E. bieneusi by PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer region and the flanking small and large subunits of the rRNA. We found an overall occurrence of 22.7% (25\/110; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.28\u201331.70), with 22.6% (24\/106; 95% [CI]: 15.08\u201331.79) in E. europaeus, 100% (1\/1) in H. auritus, and 0% in A. albiventris. Interestingly, three novel genotypes were identified, all belonging to the potentially zoonotic Group 1. Our findings highlight the importance of hedgehogs as potential reservoirs for E. bieneusi and emphasize the need for further research to understand their role in transmission dynamics and assess the associated risks to public and veterinary health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myae073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T21:54:32Z","timestamp":1721080472000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["First report of <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi<\/i> in <i>Erinaceus europaeus<\/i> and <i>Hemiechinus auritus<\/i> hedgehogs from recovery centers of Portugal"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8374-3739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Gomes-Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Santos-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto , 4050-313 Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andreia V S","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto , 4050-313 Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Clarisse","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o e Interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o do Ouri\u00e7o \u2013 CRIDO , 4470-372 Maia , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Soeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parque Biol\u00f3gico de Gaia , 4430-812 Vila Nova de Gaia , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Barradas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1H -TOXRUN \u2013 One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences , CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra , Portugal"},{"name":"Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIUnit), Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto , 4050-600 Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR) , 4050-600 Porto , Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8769-8103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o R","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto , 4050-313 Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIUnit), Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto , 4050-600 Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR) , 4050-600 Porto , Portugal"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024080521101373700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2024007","article-title":"Global prevalence and risk factors of Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024080521101373700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13111756","article-title":"High prevalence of microsporidia in the North African hedgehog (Atelerix algirus) in the Canary Islands, Spain","volume":"13","author":"Baz-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2024080521101373700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025613","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1025613","article-title":"Prevalence and genotyping distribution of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in diarrheic pigs in Chongqing and Sichuan provinces, China","volume":"13","author":"Ghebremichael","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024080521101373700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0001020","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00010-20","article-title":"Microsporidiosis in humans","volume":"34","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024080521101373700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"myad018","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myad018","article-title":"Occurrence and molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in wild and domestic animal species in Portugal","volume":"61","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2024080521101373700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2024.107136","article-title":"First molecular detection and characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi different genotypes in human patients from 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