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We investigate the \u2018intrinsic\u2019 (selection and observational effects corrected) H\u2009$\\alpha$ EW distributions of $z \\sim 0.4 - 2.2$ narrowband-selected H\u2009$\\alpha$ samples from High-z Emission Line Survey (HiZELS) and Deep and Wide Narrowband survey (DAWN) using a forward modelling approach where we assume an \u2018intrinsic\u2019 exponential EW distribution, apply selection and filter effects, and compare with observed H\u2009$\\alpha$ EW distributions. We find an \u2018intrinsic\u2019 EW\u2013stellar mass anticorrelation, EW$_0 \\propto M^\\gamma$, with steepening slopes $\\gamma = -0.18\\pm 0.03$ to $-0.24^{+0.06}_{-0.08}$ at $z \\sim 0.4$ and $z\\sim 2.2$, respectively. At $10^{10}$\u2009M$_\\odot$, we find EW$_0 \\propto (1+z)^{1.78^{+0.22}_{-0.23}}$ and a steeper evolution with decreasing stellar mass highlighting the high EW nature of low-mass, high-z systems. We model this redshift evolving EW\u2013stellar mass anticorrelation, $W_0(M,z)$, and find it produces H\u2009$\\alpha$luminosity and SFR functions strongly consistent with observations. Our $W_0(M,z)$ model suggests EW$_{\\mathrm{0}}$$&amp;gt; 200$\u2009\u00c5 emitters contribute $\\sim 40$ per\u2009cent to overall cosmic SF at $z \\sim 1.5 - 2$, consistent with sSFR $\\gt 10^{-8.5}$ yr$^{-1}$ (makes up $\\sim 45 - 55$ per\u2009cent of cosmic SF at $z \\sim 2$) and highlights the importance of high EW systems at high-z. Our $W_0(M,z)$ model also reproduces the cosmic sSFR evolution found in both simulations and observations (including selection limits), such that selection effects in observations may explain the disagreement. Lastly, we forecast Roman and Euclid grism surveys using our $W_0(M,z)$ model including limiting resolution and observational efficiency effects. We predict $\\sim 24\\,000$ and $\\sim 30\\,000$$0.5 &amp;lt; z &amp;lt; 1.9$ H\u2009$\\alpha$ emitters per deg$^{-2}$, respectively, down to $F_{\\rm {H\\alpha }+\\rm {[N{{\\small II}}]}} &amp;gt; 5\\times 10^{-17}$\u2009erg\u2009s$^{-1}$\u2009cm$^{-2}$ including $10^{7.2 - 8}$\u2009M$_\\odot$ galaxies at $z &amp;gt; 1$ with EW$_{\\mathrm{0}}$$&amp;gt; 1000$\u2009\u00c5. Both Roman and Euclid will observe some of the most bursty\/high EW, low-mass star-forming galaxies near cosmic noon in unprecedented detail.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stae2395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T02:18:40Z","timestamp":1729822720000},"page":"2903-2926","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evolution of H\u2009\u03b1 equivalent widths from z \u223c 0.4 - 2.2: implications for star formation and legacy surveys with <i>Roman<\/i> and <i>Euclid<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"535","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0101-336X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A A","family":"Khostovan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Astrophysics Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771 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