{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T08:31:22Z","timestamp":1769848282719,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020- 113788RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020- 113788RB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020-114908 GA-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-114908 GA-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010801","name":"Xunta de Galicia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ED431B 2022\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ED431B 2022\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004434","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Firenze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RICATEN21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICATEN21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004434","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Firenze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RICATEN22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICATEN22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The comet assay is widely used in biomonitoring studies for the analysis of DNA damage in leukocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Rather than processing blood samples directly, it can be desirable to cryopreserve whole blood or isolated cells for later analysis by the comet assay. However, this creates concern about artificial accumulation of DNA damage during cryopreservation. In this study, 10 laboratories used standardized cryopreservation and thawing procedures of monocytic (THP-1) or lymphocytic (TK6) cells. Samples were cryopreserved in small aliquots in 50% foetal bovine serum, 40% cell culture medium, and 10% dimethyl sulphoxide. Subsequently, cryopreserved samples were analysed by the standard comet assay on three occasions over a 3-year period. Levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells were increased (four laboratories), unaltered (four laboratories), or decreased (two laboratories) by long-term storage. Pooled analysis indicates only a modest positive association between storage time and levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells (0.37% Tail DNA per year, 95% confidence interval: \u22120.05, 0.78). In contrast, DNA strand break levels were not increased by cryopreservation in TK6 cells. There was inter-laboratory variation in levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells (SD = 3.7% Tail DNA) and TK6 reference sample cells (SD = 9.4% Tail DNA), whereas the intra-laboratory residual variation was substantially smaller (i.e. SD = 0.4%\u20132.2% Tail DNA in laboratories with the smallest and largest variation). In conclusion, the study shows that accumulation of DNA strand breaks in cryopreserved mononuclear blood cell lines is not a matter of concern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gead019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]],"date-time":"2023-06-24T19:24:35Z","timestamp":1687634675000},"page":"273-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["DNA strand break levels in cryopreserved mononuclear blood cell lines measured by the alkaline comet assay: results from the hCOMET ring trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2021-1249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen , \u00d8ster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K , Denmark"}]},{"given":"Amaya","family":"Azqueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra , C\/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona , Spain"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Rodriguez-Garraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra , C\/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona , Spain"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Bakuradze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52 , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Richling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52 , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany"}]},{"given":"Ezgi Eyluel","family":"Bankoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg , Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg , Germany"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Stopper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg , Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg , Germany"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Claudino Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Sabine A S","family":"Langie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen , \u00d8ster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K , Denmark"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Ristori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence , Florence , Italy"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Scavone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence , Florence , Italy"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Giovannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence , Florence , Italy"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Wojew\u00f3dzka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw , Poland"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Kruszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw , Poland"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health , Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin , Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5572-1089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Valdiglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Qu\u00edmica e Biolox\u00eda \u2013 CICA, Departamento de Biolog\u00eda , A Coru\u00f1a , Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de A Coru\u00f1a (INIBIC) , A Coru\u00f1a , Spain"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"Laffon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de A Coru\u00f1a (INIBIC) , A Coru\u00f1a , Spain"},{"name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Qu\u00edmica e Biolox\u00eda \u2013 CICA, Departamento de Psicolog\u00eda , A Coru\u00f1a , Spain"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit - Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR) , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Solange","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit - Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR) , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8693-5250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Paulo Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit - Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR) , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9913-4380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , 20133 Milan , Italy"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Del Bo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , 20133 Milan , 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