{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T12:42:40Z","timestamp":1754484160027,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norwegian Taxonomy Initiative","award":["70184235","70184233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["70184235","70184233"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cydippid ctenophores of genus Euplokamis have been rarely reported from the north-east Atlantic in the scientific literature. The conspicuous lack of previous records is likely attributable to methodological constraints detrimental to sampling ctenophores, including the use of plankton nets and preservation of samples as well as poor identification literature and a lack of taxonomic expertise on gelatinous zooplankton. Here, we have compiled published and novel records as well as documented diver observations, of Euplokamis spp. in Norwegian waters. Despite scant earlier reports, our data suggest that the genus Euplokamis is widely distributed and relatively common along the entire Norwegian coast, including Svalbard. Euplokamis was recorded from samples taken from several hundred meters depth to surface, from fjords as well as offshore. Most of the observations reported in this study are from the period between April and July, whereas specimens have been found nearly throughout the year. Specimens from Norwegian waters were morphologically most similar to Euplokamis dunlapae, and conservative 18S rDNA sequences of some specimens had a 100% match with an E. dunlapae specimen from Friday Harbor, USA, the type locality for the species. However, the morphological and molecular variation of Euplokamis demonstrates the need for systematic global sampling of multiple individuals of many ctenophore species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plankt\/fbab012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T20:16:47Z","timestamp":1612815407000},"page":"257-269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Hiding in plain sight\u2014<i>Euplokamis dunlapae<\/i>(Ctenophora) in Norwegian waters"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0183-2314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanna","family":"Majaneva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Troms\u00f8 NO-9037, Norway"},{"name":"Trondhjem Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway"}]},{"given":"Halldis","family":"Ringvold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sea Snack Norway, Bergen NO-5841, Norway"}]},{"given":"Ellie","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trondhjem Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway"}]},{"given":"Mari-Ann","family":"\u00d8stensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trondhjem Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway"}]},{"given":"Aino","family":"Hosia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, Bergen NO-5020, Norway"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6365","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06505-4","article-title":"Molecular diversity of benthic ctenophores (Coeloplanidae)","volume":"7","author":"Alamaru","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"volume-title":"Protecting the North Sea: Norway","year":"2019","author":"\u00c1lvarez","key":"2021033021062956800_ref2"},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12304","article-title":"DNA barcoding gap: reliable species identification over morphological and geographical scales","volume":"15","author":"\u010candek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol. Resour."},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041-210X.2011.00176.x","article-title":"Barcoding\u2019s next top model: an evaluation of nucleotide substitution models for specimen identification","volume":"3","author":"Collins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. 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Invasions"},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref8","first-page":"549","article-title":"A golden age of gelata: past and future research on planktonic ctenophores and cnidarians","volume":"530","author":"Haddock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s002270050497","article-title":"Bioluminescence spectra of shallow and deep-sea gelatinous zooplankton: ctenophores, medusae and siphonophores","volume":"133","author":"Haddock","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mar. Biol."},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref10","first-page":"95","article-title":"Bioedit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for windows 95\/98\/nt","volume":"41","author":"Hall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Symp. 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Rec."},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0187491","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187491","article-title":"Abundance, distribution and diversity of gelatinous predators along the northern mid-Atlantic ridge: a comparison of different sampling methodologies","volume":"12","author":"Hosia","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esy026","article-title":"Molecular insights into the ctenophore genus Beroe in Europe: new species, spreading invaders","volume":"109","author":"Johansson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"article-title":"Ctenophore diversity along the Norwegian coast and Svalbard region","year":"2019","author":"Johansen","key":"2021033021062956800_ref15"},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbx108","article-title":"MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization","volume":"20","author":"Katoh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01731581","article-title":"A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences","volume":"16","author":"Kimura","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Mol. 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Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, and Deuterostomia","author":"Mianzan","year":"2009"},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.1139\/z87-404","article-title":"Revised classification of the genus Euplokamis Chun, 1880 (Ctenophora: Cydippida: Euplokamidae n. fam.) with a description of the new species Euplokamis dunlapae","volume":"65","author":"Mills","year":"1987","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/1054-3139(95)80072-7","article-title":"Medusae, siphonophores, and ctenophores as planktiovorous predators in changing global ecosystems","volume":"52","author":"Mills","year":"1995","journal-title":"ICES J. Mar. 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Biol."},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref41","first-page":"102","article-title":"Exploring the potential of small RNA subunit and ITS sequences for resolving phylogenetic relationships within the phylum Ctenophora","volume":"118","author":"Simion","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fortschr. Zool."},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-0031.2011.00370.x","article-title":"On the inappropriate use of kimura-2-parameter divergences in the dna-barcoding literature","volume":"28","author":"Srivathsan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cladistics"},{"volume-title":"Monographs on Oceanographic Methodology","year":"1968","key":"2021033021062956800_ref42a"},{"key":"2021033021062956800_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s13127-011-0050-6","article-title":"Barcoding diatoms: evaluation of the V4 subregion on the 18S rRNA gene, including new primers and protocols","volume":"11","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Org. Divers. Evol."},{"volume-title":"Genetic Algorithm Approaches for the Phylogenetic Analysis of Large Biological Sequence Datasets Under the Maximum Likelihood Criterion","year":"2006","author":"Zwickl","key":"2021033021062956800_ref44"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plankton Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plankt\/article-pdf\/43\/2\/257\/36806070\/fbab012.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plankt\/article-pdf\/43\/2\/257\/36806070\/fbab012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T15:37:55Z","timestamp":1671118675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plankt\/article\/43\/2\/257\/6174320"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Xabier","family":"Irigoien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/plankt\/fbab012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0142-7873","1464-3774"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0142-7873"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1464-3774"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}}}